耳鸣患者的焦虑抑郁状况及其影响因素研究  

The Status and Influencing Factors of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Tinnitus

作　　者：刘颖 丁然然 郑剑龙 戴如璋 何颖贤[1] 刘蓬[3] LIU Ying;DING Ran-ran;ZHENG Jian-long;DAI Ru-zhang;HE Ying-xian;LIU Peng

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学第一临床医学院,广州510405 [2]广州中医药大学惠州医院,惠州516008 [3]广州中医药大学第一附属医院耳鼻喉科,广州510405

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2020年第2期106-110,共5页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的探讨耳鸣患者的焦虑抑郁状况,并分析其影响因素。方法收集415例耳鸣患者的资料,采用焦虑、抑郁自评量表评分,对患者的一般情况及耳鸣特征进行单因素独立样本t检验、方差分析及多因素Logistic回归分析,对耳鸣评价量表(tinnitus evalution question,TEQ)评分进行Pearson相关分析及Spearmen相关分析。结果共检出伴有焦虑或抑郁者146例(35.2%),独立样本t检验及方差分析显示,年龄、婚姻状况、工作性质、睡眠障碍、声敏感与焦虑相关(P<0.05),性别、婚姻状况、睡眠障碍、声敏感与抑郁相关(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别是发生焦虑的危险因素,OR值为1.738;性别、睡眠障碍、声敏感是发生抑郁的危险因素,OR值分别为2.089、2.080、2.600。Pearson相关分析显示,TEQ总分与焦虑、抑郁发病极显著相关(P=0.000),Spearmen相关分析显示,TEQ分级与焦虑、抑郁水平极显著相关(P=0.000)。结论耳鸣患者常伴焦虑、抑郁情绪,男性、伴有睡眠障碍、伴有声敏感、TEQ总分>14分的耳鸣患者发生焦虑、抑郁的风险较高,临床上应加强心理干预。Objective To investigate the status of anxiety and depression in patients with tinnitus and analyze its influencing factors.Methods Anxiety and depression of 415 patients with tinnitus were evaluated by the self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and the self-rating depression scale(SDS).General conditions in patients with tinnitus and the characteristics of disease were analyzed by independent sample t-test,one-way anova and logistic regression analysis.Total scores of Tinnitus Evaluation Questionnaire(TEQ)were analyzed by Pearson and Spearmen correlation analysis.Results There were 146 cases of anxiety or depression in this group,the case detection rate was 35.2%.Independent sample t-test and one-way anova showed that age,marital status,job nature,sleep disorder and acoustic hypersensitivity were related to anxiety(P<0.05),while sex,marital status,sleep disorder and acoustic hypersensitivity were related to depression(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that sex(OR=1.738)was the risk factor of anxiety.Sex(OR=2.089),sleep disorder(OR=2.080)and acoustic hypersensitivity(OR=2.600)were the risk factors of depression.Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the total score of TEQ was connected with the incidence of anxiety and depression(P=0.000).Spearmen correlation analysis indicated TEQ grading connected with the level of anxiety and depression(P=0.000).Conclusion Patients with tinnitus suffer from anxiety and depression frequently.Males,patients with an overall score of TEQ greater than 14,sleep disorder and acoustic hypersensitivity had higher risks of anxiety and depression,thus medical staff should strengthen their mental intervention clinically.

关 键 词：耳鸣 焦虑 抑郁 影响因素 

分 类 号：R764.45[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]