松嫩平原异质生境芦苇的表观遗传多样性和结构  

Epigenetic diversity and structure of Phragmites australis in heterogeneous habitats in the Songnen Meadow

作　　者：邱天 QIU Tian(School of Life Sciences,Changchun Normal University,Changchun 130032;Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of MOE,Northeast Normal University,Changchun130024;Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China)

机构地区：[1]长春师范大学生命科学学院,长春130032 [2]东北师范大学植被生态科学教育部重点实验室,长春130024 [3]东北师范大学分子表观遗传学教育部重点实验室,长春130024

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2020年第3期68-71,共4页Journal of Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31670427,31570412);长春师范大学自然科学基金项目(长师大自科合字[2017]第012号)。

摘　　要：近年来表观遗传学不仅是生物学领域的研究热点,而且在植物生态学中的研究也越来越多。然而有关天然植物种群的表观遗传变异的范围和结构的报道还很少。采用甲基化敏感扩增多态(MSAPs)和毛细管电泳方法,对中国东北松嫩平原小空间尺度上两种生境芦苇(Phragmites australis)天然种群的表观遗传多样性和结构进行了研究。生境分别是pH 8~8.5、有季节性积水的碱化草甸土(生境1,即H1)和pH 10以上的、没有积水的碱斑(生境2,即H2)。结果表明,在甲基化敏感位点(MSL)中,71.09%~88.38%是多态位点。在生境内水平,H1和H2的多态位点百分比分别是82.75%和79.93%,香浓维纳信息指数是0.3712和0.3580,H1均高于H2。分子方差分析证明生境间表观遗传分化达到了极显著水平(P<0.01)。单独个体的表观遗传变异可能给植株提供更多的表型和进化灵活性,生境间分化构成了表型差异的基础。总之,对小空间尺度芦苇在异质生境的生态适应问题进行分析,为芦苇表型进化和适应过程的探讨提供了实例参考。Epigenetics has not only become a popular field in biology, but also undergone rapid development in plant ecology due to an increasing number of studies. However, few assessments of the spectra and structures of epigenetic variation have been reported on wild plant populations. The epigenetic diversity and structure of naturally occurring Phragmites australis populations, occupying two different habitats on a small spatial scale in the Songnen Meadow in northeastern China, were investigated by assessing methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphisms(MSAPs) through fluorescent capillary detection. The habitat 1( i.e. H1) was a low-lying alkalized meadow with seasonal rainfall and pH 8-8.5. The habitat 2( i.e. H2) did not accumulate rainwater with pH higher than 10 as an alkaline patch. Among the methylation-susceptible loci(MSL), 71.09%-88.38% of which were polymorphic. At the intra-habitat level, 82.75% and 79.93% of the loci observed from H1 and H2 were polymorphic, with I indiex of 0.3712 and 0.3580, respectively, showing higher values in H1 than in H2. The AMOVA-based MSAP analysis showed significant epigenetic differentiation between habitats(P<0.01). Epigenetic variations of individuals would provide more phenotypes and evolutionary flexibility. Remarkable epigenetic differentiation between habitats would underly the basis of different phenotypes of P. australis. In a word, this study attempted to explore the ecological adaptation of reeds in different habitats on a small scale, which would provide guidelines when seeking to understand processes that drive phenotypic evolution and adaptation.

关 键 词：芦苇 甲基化敏感扩增多态 表观遗传多样性 表观遗传结构 生境 分子生态学 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学] Q948