考虑土壤膨胀性的流域水文模型应用研究  

The Application of Basin Hydrological Model Considering Soil Swelling Effect

作　　者：刘海滢 甘永德 贾仰文[1] 仇亚琴[1] 牛存稳[1] LIU Hai-ying;GAN Yong-de;JIA Yang-wen;QIU Ya-qin;NIU Cun-wen(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [2]青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2020年第4期92-96,101,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC00404603);国家自然科学基金项目(51779272,51909129);国家重点实验室自主研究课题“流域水循环模拟与调控”(SKL2020ZY04);青海省科技厅自然科学与基金项目(2018-ZJ-965Q)。

摘　　要：目前分布式水文模型在进行流域水文过程模拟时,还未考虑土壤膨胀性对降雨入渗的影响,这会造成模型模拟失真,制约着流域分布式水文模型的适用性。对传统降雨入渗产流模型(TGAM)进行修正,引入膨胀性土壤导水系数和膨胀性土壤饱和含水量,提出考虑土壤膨胀性影响的降水入渗产流模型(GJGAM),并将其应用到流域分布式水文模型WEP-L模型中。最后,以南小河沟流域作为研究区域,选择十八亩台断面为控制断面,分别利用改进前、后的WEP-L模型模拟研究区的降水径流过程,对比验证WEP-L模型改进后的适用性。结果表明,利用改进前后的WEP-L模型,率定期内研究断面的月径流模拟值与实测值的相对误差变化不大,但Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数显著提高。验证期内相对误差减小,Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数提高。通过考虑土壤膨胀性对降雨入渗的影响,WEP-L模型对南小河沟流域降雨入渗过程的模拟效果明显改善,具有较好适用性。At present, the distributed hydrological model does not consider the influence of soil swelling on rainfall infiltration when it is used to simulate the hydrological process of a river basin. This will cause the distortion of model simulation and restrict the applicability of the distributed hydrological model in the basin. In this paper, revised traditional Green-Ampt model(TGAM), introduction of expansive soil hydraulic conductivity and expansive soil saturated water content, a rainfall infiltration model(GJGAM) considering the effects of soil swelling is proposed and applied to the distributed hydrological model WEP-L model. Finally, taking the Nanxiaohegou River Basin as a research area, the Shibamutai Section is selected as the control section. The improved WEP-L model is used to simulate the precipitation and runoff process in the study area. The results show that using the improved WEP-L model before and after the improvement, the relative error between the simulated and measured values of monthly runoff at the regular-period study section does not change much, but the Nash coefficient increases significantly. The relative error decreases during the verification period and the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient increases. By considering the effect of soil swelling on rainfall infiltration, the WEP-L model has significantly improved the simulation effect of rainfall infiltration process in the Nanxiaohegou Drainage Basin, and is highly applicable.

关 键 词：土壤膨胀性 降雨入渗模型 分布式水文模型 水文模拟 

分 类 号：TV122[水利工程—水文学及水资源]