电磁发射条件下CuCrZr合金材料轨道损伤行为研究  

Damage Behavior of CuCrZr Alloy Rail during Electromagnetic Launching

作　　者：黄伟 杨黎明[1] 史戈宁[3] 张延松 田开文[2] 刘凯[2] HUANG Wei;YANG Liming;SHI Gening;ZHANG Yansong;TIAN Kaiwen;LIU Kai(Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China;Ningbo Branch of Chinese Academy of Ordnance Science, Ningbo 315103, Zhejiang, China;Yantai Wanlong Vacuum Metallurgy Co. , Ltd. , Yantai 264006, Shandong, China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学机械工程与力学学院,浙江宁波315000 [2]中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院,浙江宁波315103 [3]烟台万隆真空冶金股份有限公司,山东烟台264006

出　　处：《兵工学报》2020年第5期858-864,共7页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：中国兵器工业集团创新团队基金项目(2017年);宁波市科技创新2025重大专项项目(2018B10030)。

摘　　要：通过电磁发射试验研究CuCrZr合金(C18150铜合金)材料的轨道损伤行为。试验以C18150铜合金作为轨道材料,7075铝合金作为电枢材料。对完成发射试验后的轨道材料进行宏观观察和二维表面轮廓、三维表面轮廓测量及分析。研究结果表明:随电枢速度的增加,轨道表面横向起伏的峰谷间距呈先增加、后降低的趋势;沿电枢运动方向,轨道表面起伏程度随着电枢速度增加呈下降趋势,当电枢速度达到极值处于匀速运动后,轨道表面起伏近乎为0μm;轨道损伤在不同阶段呈现不规则现象,起始阶段时轨道损伤表现出明显热损伤,加速阶段时表现出强烈的摩擦磨损特征和一定的热熔效应,高速阶段时轨道损伤以机械磨损为主,表现出光滑的摩擦界面和局部的塑性变形。The damage behavior of CuCrZr alloy(C18150 alloy)rail is studied through electromagnetic launching test,in which C18150 alloy is used as rail material and 7075 aluminum alloy as armature material.After launching test,the rail material was macroscopically observed,and the 2D and 3D surface profiles were analyzed.The results show that,with the increase in armature velocity,the peak-valley spacing of surface fluctuation increases first and then decreases in the transverse direction.The degree of surface fluctuation decreases with the increase in armature velocity along the direction of armature motion.When the armature velocity reaches its maximum,the rail surface fluctuation is nearly 0μm.Rail damage presents irregular phenomena in different stages:in the initial stage,the rail damage shows obvious heat damage;in the acceleration stage,it shows strong friction and wear characteristics,and certain melting effect;in the high-speed stage,the rail damage is mainly caused by mechanical wear,showing smooth friction interface and local plastic deformation.

关 键 词：电磁发射 铜合金 摩擦磨损 损伤轮廓 焦耳热 

分 类 号：TJ866[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程] TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]