某三甲医院神经外科患者术前贫血状况调查  

Investigation on thepreoperative anemia status of neurosurgical patients in a tertiary hospital

作　　者：刘俊婷 林洁[1] 周玲玲[1] 罗圆圆[1] 关晓珍[1] 王淑芳[1] 汪德清[1] LIU Junting;LIN Jie;ZHOU Lingling;LUO Yuanyuan;GUAN Xiaozhen;WANG Shufang;WANG Deqing(Department of Transfusion Medicine,the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院第一医学中心输血医学科,北京100853

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2020年第3期201-205,共5页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：白求恩公益基金会课题(BQE-2018-SX-01);解放军总医院临床科研扶持基金课题(2018FC-WJFWZX-1-18)。

摘　　要：目的了解神经外科患者手术前的贫血现状,明确术前贫血对围术期输血的影响。方法选择2011年1月-2018年1月期间住院的神经外科手术患者做回顾性调查。根据纳入标准及排除标准筛选研究病例,并进行统计学分析。结果共调查8275例患者,贫血患者1650例,总贫血率为19.94%。女性贫血患者1101例,男性贫血患者549例,贫血发生率分别为25.53%、13.85%(P<0.05);从低到高4个年龄阶段患者贫血发生率分别为10.83%(≤15岁)、20.55%(16-44岁)、18.72%(45-64岁)、28.61%(≥65岁)(P<0.05);贫血率最高的年龄段为65岁及以上。不同肥胖等级(BMI)患者贫血发生率也有较大的差异(P<0.05)。贫血组与非贫血组患者围术期平均输血量分别为4.48 U、3.30 U(P<0.05),输血率分别为30.87%和21.93%(P<0.05);输血患者平均住院时长为21.57d,未输血组为16.03 d(P<0.05)。结论神经外科患者术前贫血发生率为19.94%;不同性别、年龄、BMI的患者贫血发生率存在显著差异,女性贫血率高于男性。术前贫血会增加患者围术期输血率;输血是患者住院时间延长的危险因素,而贫血不是。Objective To understand the preoperative anemia status of neurosurgical patients in our hospital,and to determine the effect of preoperative anemia on perioperative blood transfusion.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on patients undergoing neurosurgery who were hospitalized between January 2011 and January 2018.Study cases based on inclusion/exclusion criteria were screened,and related statistical analysis was conducted.Results A total of 8275 patients were investigated,and 1650 anemia patients were observed,with the total anemia rate of 19.94%.There were 1101 cases(25.53%)of female anemia and 549 cases(13.85%)of male anemia(P<0.05).The prevalence of anemia accordingto patients’age from low to high were 10.83%(≤15 years old),20.55%(in the range of 16-44 yearsold),18.72%(in the range of 45-64 years old)and 28.61%(≥65 years old)(P<0.05),and patientsin≥65 years oldgroup had the highestprevalence.There was also a statistical difference in the prevalence of anemia among patients with different obesity levels(BMI)(P<0.05).The average volume of perioperative blood transfusion in the anemia group and non-anemia group was 4.48 U and 3.30 U,respectively(P<0.05),and the blood transfusion rates were 30.87%and 21.93%(P<0.05).The average length of hospitalization for patients received perioperative blood transfusion was 21.57 days,and that of non-transfusion group was 16.03 days(P<0.05).Conclusion The preoperative anemia prevalence of neurosurgery patients was 19.94%.There was a significant difference in the prevalence of anemia among patients with different genders,ages and BMI,and the anemia rate was higher in women than in men.Preoperative anemia will increase the blood transfusion rate during perioperative period.Blood transfusion is a risk factor for prolonged hospital stay,while anemia is not.

关 键 词：术前贫血 围术期输血 住院时长 神经外科 

分 类 号：R556[医药卫生—血液循环系统疾病] R651[医药卫生—内科学]