刑事归因与归责:以修正的条件说为重心的考察  

Attribution and Liability in Criminal Law: An Investigation Focusing on Modified Condition Theory

作　　者：郑泽星 ZHENG Zexing

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学刑事法律科学研究中心

出　　处：《法学评论》2020年第3期83-92,共10页Law Review

基　　金：国家留学基金委员会“国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目”资助。

摘　　要：基于事实因果与法律因果的区分,因果关系的判断应当秉持"归因+归责"的二元论立场。在归因层面,原因说不具有可操作性而应当摒弃。基于条件说和合法则性条件说的互补关系,在归因层面应持修正的条件说立场:简单明确的因果场合以及心理因果关系场合,适用条件说进行判断;复杂的归因场合,适用合法则性条件说进行判断。在归责层面,重要性说不具有因果判断上的完整性而应当摒弃。相较于相当性说,客观归责理论具有内容上、方法上以及体系上的优势,归责层面的判断应采客观归责理论。因果关系二元论立场下结果归责的构造应当是"修正的条件说+客观归责理论"。Based on the distinction between factual causation and legal causation, the judgment of causal relationship should adhere to the dualistic method of "attribution + liability". At the level of attribution, the theory of cause is not operable and should be abandoned. Based on the complementary relationship between the conditional theory and the legal regularity conditional theory, the modified conditional theory should be applied in attribution: in simple and clear causal situations and psychological causal situations, the conditional theory should be used for judgment;in complex attribution occasions, the legal regularity conditional theory should be applied. At the level of liability, the importance theory does not have the integrity of causal judgment and should be abandoned. Compared with the theory of relative causality, objective Zurechnung theory has advantages in content, method, and system. Judgment at the liability level should be based on objective Zurechung theory. The structure of the result liability under the dualism standpoint of causality should be "modified condition theory + objective Zurechnung theory".

关 键 词：因果判断 二元论 条件说 合法则性条件说 修正的条件说 

分 类 号：D914[政治法律—刑法学]