浙中城市群土地利用格局时空演变特征与生态风险评价  

Temporal and Spatial Evolution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Land Use Landscape Patterns in Central Zhejiang Urban Agglomeration

作　　者：石小伟 冯广京 YI Yang 邹逸江[5] 葛浩然 苏培添 SHI Xiaowei;FENG Guangjing;YI Yang;ZOU Yijiang;GE Haoran;SU Peitian(College of Economics and Management,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Land Economy and Natural Resources Management Research Center,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;School of Public Administration and Law,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Department of Engineering,University of Tokyo,Tokyo 113-8656,Japan;Department of Geography and Spatial Information Technology,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Business School,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;College of Economics and Management,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学经济管理学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]东北农业大学土地经济与自然资源管理研究中心,哈尔滨150030 [3]东北农业大学公共管理与法学院,哈尔滨150030 [4]东京大学大学院工学系,东京1138656 [5]宁波大学地理与空间信息技术系,宁波315211 [6]宁波大学商学院,宁波315211 [7]浙江农林大学经济管理学院,杭州311300

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2020年第5期242-251,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41301110);国家社会科学基金项目(18VSJ041)。

摘　　要：为了探究东南沿海发育中期城市群“土地利用生态”可持续机制,以浙中城市群为例,通过分析1996—2016年间的5期遥感影像数据,运用FRAGSTATS软件测度浙中城市群景观破碎化指数、景观形状指数和景观多样性指数在关键时间节点的水平数值,研究判断区域土地利用综合景观结构演变特征;进而通过ARCGIS演化区域生态风险空间分异态势,分析不同时期浙中城市群的土地利用生态风险。结果表明:21年间,浙中城市群各种类型土地利用之间的转移态势均显著增强:建设用地面积增加了近3倍;林地面积占比总体呈缓慢增长趋势;水域及水利设施用地面积占比逐年下降;未利用土地减少比率最大,其次是耕地;园地的总体面积略有增加,草地的总体面积呈减少态势。浙中城市群的土地利用总体景观格局质量呈现先下降、后上升、再整体下降的态势,1996—2016年总体景观破碎化指数增加,局部年份出现下降,景观形状指数和景观多样性指数总体下降,局部年份出现上升,各种类型土地之间转移趋向复杂波动化。基于2016年时间节点的浙中城市群生态风险空间演变特征视域判析,义乌市、东阳市、武义县的生态风险指数在0.69~0.82之间,为Ⅳ和Ⅴ等级区,生态风险等级为较高或高;婺城区、金东区、浦江县的生态风险指数在0.56~0.59之间,为Ⅲ等级区,生态风险等级为中;兰溪市、永康市、诸暨市、磐安县、龙游县、缙云县的生态风险指数在0.49以下,为Ⅰ或Ⅱ等级,生态风险等级为低或较低。1996—2016年浙中城市群土地利用生态风险等级的空间差异较大,且在空间分布上呈现“趋同俱乐部”现象和“集中—分散”演变趋势,即较高生态风险区和高生态风险区在空间上指向浙中城市群中部且出现集聚态势,较低生态风险区和低生态风险区在空间上分散在浙中城市群的西北、东南和西南地区。As the carrier of regional urban development,land has been attached great importance to spatial planning and development policy.In order to explore the sustainable development mechanism of“land use-ecology”in the middle-eastern urban agglomerations in the southeast coast,taking the central Zhejiang urban agglomeration as an example,the FRAGSTATS was used to measure the landscape fragmentation index of the central Zhejiang urban agglomeration by analyzing the five remote sensing image data from 1996 to 2016,including the horizontal value of the key time nodes of landscape shape index and landscape diversity index,and the evolution characteristics of the comprehensive landscape structure of the land use in the study area;and then the land use ecology of the central Zhejiang urban agglomeration in different periods was analyzed through the ARCGIS evolution regional ecological risk spatial differentiation.It was found that from 1996 to 2016,the transfer situation between various types of land use was significantly enhanced.The area of construction land was increased by nearly three times;the proportion of forest land area showed a slow growth trend;the land area of water resources and water conservancy facilities was decreased from 5.85%to 3.89%in 2006—2016,with a large decline;the unused land was reduced by nearly 21a.The most common ratio was followed by cultivated land.The actual reduced area of cultivated land was more than that of unused land.In the field and grassland,it was mainly distributed in the northeast direction and northwest direction of the central Zhejiang urban agglomeration.The overall increase in grassland was generally reduced.Increased and reduced areas account for a small proportion of total land use area.The overall landscape pattern quality of land use in central Zhejiang urban agglomerations showed a trend of“first decline-then rise-overall decline”.The specific performance was as follows:from 1996 to 2016,the overall landscape fragmentation index was increased,and the local year w

关 键 词：土地利用/覆盖变化 时空演变特征 景观格局 生态风险评价 浙中城市群 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]