蕨类植物的鳞片特征及演化Ⅰ:凤尾蕨科  

Morphology Characters and Evolution of Ferns ScaleⅠ:Pteridaceae

作　　者：顾钰峰 金冬梅[1] 刘保东[2] 戴锡玲[3] 严岳鸿[1] Yufeng Gu;Dongmei Jin;Baodong Liu;Xiling Dai;Yuehong Yan(Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center,Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sci-ences,Shanghai 201602,China;Key Laboratory of Plant Biology,College of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin Normal Univer-sity,Harbin 150025,China;College of Life Sciences,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海辰山植物园,上海辰山植物科学研究中心,上海201602 [2]哈尔滨师范大学,黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室,哈尔滨150025 [3]上海师范大学生命科学学院,上海200234

出　　处：《植物学报》2020年第2期163-176,共14页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31800450);生态环境部生物多样性调查与评估(No.2019HJ2096001006);上海市绿化和市容管理局科技攻关(No.F112422)。

摘　　要：鳞片是蕨类植物体表常见附属物,是蕨类植物非常显著的分类学特征。凤尾蕨科(Pteridaceae)在蕨类植物系统发育中的位置关系多次发生了变化,不同学者对该科中包含的类群也有着不同的观点。通过对该科76种植物的鳞片进行取材,利用解剖镜观察拍照,对各属鳞片特征进行描述。结果显示,鳞片特征在不同的属和亚科之间具有明显的形态差异。用GenBank数据库中的rbcL基因序列对所研究物种进行系统发育重建,并对鳞片的边缘特征和筛孔类型进行祖先性状重建,结果表明,全缘型鳞片和均质型鳞片是凤尾蕨科鳞片的祖征性状,非全缘类型和透明筛孔类型的鳞片是在后期演化过程中形成的特征。此外,透明和不透明类型的筛孔其形成可能与蕨类植物生活环境中的光照强度有关。Scales are epidermal appendages on the rhizomes and leaves of many ferns.Features of scales play an important role in classification of ferns.The phylogenetic position and delimitation of Pteridaceae were treated differently by different authors.Here we collected scales of 76 fern species in Pteridaceae,and observed them under a dissecting microscope.By comparing the morphological characters,we found that scales are different among genus and subfamilies.We reconstructed a phylogenetic tree with the plastid rbcL sequence of the species in this study downloaded from Gen Bank database and reconstruced the ancestral state for two selected characters(margin of the scale and mesh type).The results suggested that homogeneous scale and entire margin were plesiomorphic characters,while non-entire margin and transparent mesh were evolved late in evolutionary process.We also speculated that the formation of transparent or non-transparent mesh may relate to the light intensity in the habitats.

关 键 词：形态解剖学 分类学 鳞片 系统发育 凤尾蕨科 

分 类 号：Q949.36[生物学—植物学]