中国农作物种业贸易现状及发展趋势分析  

Analysis of Trade Situation and Development Trend of Crop Seed Industry in China

作　　者：赵军明[1] 金琰[1] 胡盛红 张慧坚[1] 黄浩伦[1] 孙海燕[1] ZHAO Junming;JIN Yan;HU Shenghong;ZHANG Huijian;HUANG Haolun;SUN Haiyan(Institute of Scientific and Technological Information,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院科技信息研究所,海南海口571101

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2020年第4期93-98,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：海南省哲学社会科学规划课题(No.HNSK(YB)19-83);中国工程院咨询研究项目(No.18-HN-ZD-01)。

摘　　要：运用国际种子联盟、世界粮农组织、中国统计年鉴以及中华人民共和国海关总署官方提供的2013~2017年种业贸易数据,从市场规模、市场份额、进出口程度及贸易结构和贸易国别等方面分析了中国种业贸易现状、国际竞争力状况以及发展趋势。结果显示:中国种业市场规模占全球28%,位于世界第二;国际市场占有率保持在2%左右;贸易逆差年均5.2亿美元。从国别上来说,大田作物种子进口国主要为美国,出口国为巴基斯坦;蔬菜种子进口国主要为日本,出口于西班牙;花卉种子主要进口于朝鲜,出口于韩国。围绕科技创新、行业集中度以及产权保护等方面分析了制约中国种业贸易发展的因素,提出了相应的对策建议。Based on seed industry trade data from the International Seed Federation,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,statistical yearbooks and the General Administration of Customs of China in 2013-2017,the trade situation,development trend and international competitiveness of seed industry in China were analyzed from the aspects of market size,market share,imports and exports,trade structure and trade countries.The results showed that the seed industry of China made up 28%of the global seed industry in the world market,the second largest in the world.The international market share was about2%,and the trade deficit was 520 million US dollars/year.In China the main field crop seeds were mainly imported from the United States of America,and exported to,Pakistan;the main vegetable seeds were imported from Japan and Spain;the main flower seeds were mainly imported from the North Korea and exported to the Republic of Korea.The factors restricting the development of the seed trade in China were analyzed from the aspects of technological innovation,industrial concentration and property protection,based on which some countermeasures were put forward.

关 键 词：种业贸易 现状 制约因素 对策 

分 类 号：S789.7[农业科学—林学]