农村地区脑卒中患者院外康复锻炼依从性现状及对策分析  

The status of rehabilitation exercise adherence among rural stroke survivors and countermeasures in Henan province

作　　者：曹莹[1] 张振香[2] 林蓓蕾[2] 张春慧[2] 梅永霞[2] 陈素艳[2] 翟清华[3] 王少阳[3] 单秋菊[3] CAO Ying;LIN Beilei;ZHANG Zhenxiang;ZHANG Chunhui;MEI Yongxia;CHEN Suyan;ZHAI Qinghua;WANG Shaoyang;SHAN Qiuju(Henan Chest Hospital,Zhengzhou 450000,China;School of Nursing and Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China;The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省胸科医院,河南郑州450000 [2]郑州大学护理与健康学院,河南郑州450000 [3]郑州大学第二附属医院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《中国实用神经疾病杂志》2020年第7期625-630,共6页Chinese Journal of Practical Nervous Diseases

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划(省部共建项目)(编号:SBGJ2018052)。

摘　　要：目的了解河南省农村地区脑卒中患者出院后康复锻炼依从性现状,分析其影响因素,并提出相应对策。方法采用便利抽样法,从河南省18个城市管辖范围内的农村地区抽取596例脑卒中患者,调查其一般资料、卒中相关知识和态度、主动行功能锻炼的依从性。结果农村脑卒中患者对疾病相关知识掌握水平堪忧,平均知晓率仅为48.9%,对疾病管理的重要性认识也严重不足,且仅有17.8%的患者参与功能锻炼依从性处于高水平,82.2%处于中低水平,知识水平高、态度积极、文化程度高是功能锻炼性的积极影响因素,而遗留并发症多及无配偶会导致患者依从性较差。结论河南省农村脑卒中患者出院后的康复锻炼依从性较低,从村医或当地卫生医疗机构处可获取的资源较少,对疾病的认知水平有待提高。建议今后或可通过培训家庭照顾者、建立远程康复指导体系以及开展农村大学生公益社会实践等,以期提高农村脑卒中患者的功能锻炼依从性。Objective To investigate the status of rural stroke survivors’physical exercise adherence and analyze its influencing factors.Methods We conducted a survey in rural areas from 18 cities in Henan province,finally 596 stroke patients were included as a convenience sample.Their diseases related knowledge,attitude and physical exercise adherence were investigated and analyzed.Results The rural stroke survivors’knowledge needed to be improved and they couldn’t realize the importance of disease’prevention,control and rehabilitation,the average correct answer rate only 48.9%,and only 17.8%of the rural stroke survivors’physical activity adherence was at high level,82.2%adherence level was at moderate or low level,knowledge,attitude and educational level were protective factors,complications and spouse caregivers were dangerous factors.Conclusion It is important to establish comprehensive interventions for example training caregivers or rural college students to improve rural stroke survivors’knowledge level and then facilitate them to participate into daily functional exercise after discharge from hospital.

关 键 词：脑卒中 农村 功能锻炼 依从性 认知 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]