四川省绵阳市2015-2018年手足口病流行特征  

Epidemic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Mianyang,Sichuan,2015-2018

作　　者：文艳[1] 杨小蓉[1] 陈果[1] 张昭[1] 李仕一[1] 李永清[1] WEN Yan;YANG Xiaorong;CHEN Guo;ZHANG Zhao;LI Shiyi;LI Yongqing(Mianyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Mianyang,Sichuan 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]绵阳市疾病预防控制中心,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2020年第5期462-465,共4页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析四川省绵阳市2015-2018年手足口病的流行病学特征,为今后手足口病防控工作提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集绵阳市2015-2018年手足口病数据进行描述性流行病学分析。结果2015-2018年共报告手足口病病例18573例,年平均发病率为97.32/10万,重症病例54例,占病例总数的0.29%;病例主要集中在4-7月和10-11月,分别占病例总数的40.85%(7587例)和32.52%(6040例)。病例年龄主要集中在5岁以下儿童,共报告17957例(占96.68%),其中1~3岁组尤为突出(16223例,占87.35%);职业分布以散居儿童为主,共报告12213例,占总病例的65.76%;男性11003例,女性7570例,男女比例为1.45∶1,男性发病率高于女性。病原学监测结果显示,2015-2018年绵阳市共检出肠道病毒阳性标本4690份,肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A16型(CoxA16)和其他肠道病毒构成比分别为10.77%、25.67%、63.56%。各年份不同类型病原构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^2=1288.125,P<0.01)。结论绵阳市2015-2018年手足口病呈隔年高发流行态势,总体呈双峰的季节分布,5岁以下儿童为主要发病人群,重症发生率逐年下降,不同年份优势毒株有所变化。应加强病原学监测,加强重点地区、重点人群的防控。Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in MianyangCity from 2015 and 2018,and we provide scientific basis for prevention and control of HFMD.Methods The data of HFMDin Mianyang city during 2015-2018 were collected from the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System,andwere analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method.ResultsA total of 18573 HFMD cases were reported inMianyang city from 2015 to 2018,with an annual average incidence of 97.32/105,including 54 severe cases(0.29%);The caseswere mainly focus on April-July and October-November,accounting for 40.58%(7587 cases)and 32.52%(6040 cases);theage of high incidence was scattered children under 5 years old,a total of 17957 cases were reported,accounting for 96.68%,ofwhich the group aged 1-3 years was particularly prominent(16223 cases,87.35%);The distribution of occupations was mainly scattered children,with a total of 12213 cases reported,accounting for 65.76%;There were 11003 cases of men and 7570 cases of women,the ratio of men to women was 1.45∶1,and the incidence of men was higher than that of women.A total of 4690 pathogen positive specimens were detected in Mianyang from 2015-2018,Enterovirus 71(EV71),Coxsackie virus A16(Cox A16)and other enteroviruses(EV)accounted for 10.77%,25.67%and 63.56%of laboratory confirmed HFMD cases,respectively.The constituent ratios of different types of pathogens were statistically significant in each year(χ^2=1288.125,P<0.01).ConclusionHFMD in Mianyang city showed a high incidence of the epidemic situation.In general,the seasonaldistribution is bimodal.Children under 5 years old are the main patients,and the incidence of severe diseases decreases yearby year,and the predominant strains changed in different years.The prevention and control measures should be adjusted according to the transformation of dominant strains,and will strengthen prevention and control of key areas and population.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行特征 病原学 儿童 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]