危害短梗稠李的中国丑锤角叶蜂属(膜翅目:锤角叶蜂科)一新种  

A New Species of Zaraea(Leach,1817)(Hymenoptera,Cimbicidae)from China Harming Padus brachypoda

作　　者：晏毓晨[1] 李泽建 黎桂鸿 魏美才 Yan Yuchen;Li Zejian;Li Guihong;Wei Meicai(Key Laboratory of Insect Evolution and Pest Management for Higher Education in Hunan Province,Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410018;Lishui Academy of Forestry, Lishui 323000;College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学,经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,昆虫系统进化与综合管理湖南省普通高校重点实验室,长沙410018 [2]丽水市林业科学研究院,丽水323000 [3]江西师范大学生命科学学院,南昌330022

出　　处：《林业科学》2020年第5期105-112,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究一般项目(17C1666);湖南省林业科技计划项目(XLK201737);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY18C040001)。

摘　　要：记述采自中国浙江天目山危害短梗稠李的丑锤角叶蜂属(膜翅目:锤角叶蜂科)一新种:萌萌丑锤角叶蜂。该种幼虫取食短梗稠李叶片,当幼虫数量较多时,可将寄主植物的叶片蚕食殆尽,严重影响其生长,继而影响果树产量,导致林木经济效益严重下降。萌萌丑锤角叶蜂在中国浙江天目山1年1代发生,以预蛹形态越冬。新种与木通丑锤角叶蜂十分相似,主要区别是:新种后胸背板及腹部第1背板全部黄白色;各足胫节、跗节深褐色;中胸前侧片腹面表面光滑,具稀疏刻点。采用DNA试剂盒法提取新种基因组DNA,测序获得包括新种在内的锤角叶蜂科12条COⅠ基因序列,长度为850 bp。另外,从GenBank数据库中下载锤角叶蜂科的丑锤角叶蜂属、丽锤角叶蜂属、东锤角叶蜂属等近缘属的已知种类COⅠ序列23条,与新种序列构成COⅠ序列数据集(共35个样本)。分析丽锤角叶蜂亚科内的遗传距离,结果显示,新种2样本遗传距离为0.005。基于贝叶斯法构建了COⅠ基因系统发育树,树图结果显示:丑锤角叶蜂属、丽锤角叶蜂属、东锤角叶蜂属的属内种分别形成一支,构成单系群,支持丑锤角叶蜂属与东锤角叶蜂属的有效性。新种分子分析结果与形态鉴定结果一致,均支持新种成立。In this paper,a new species,Zaraea mengmeng Yan,Li&Wei sp.nov.(Hymenoptera:Cimbicidae),collected from the Mt.Tianmu,Zhejiang Province,China,is described.Its larvae feeding on leaves of Padus brachypoda and could defoliate entire leaves of the host tree with high density,which will affect its growth,thus affecting the yield of fruit trees and seriously reducing the economic benefits of trees.The new species develops one generation a year in the Mountains and overwinters in the form of pre-pupa.This new species is very similar to Z.akebiae,but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters:metanotum and abdominal tergum 1 entirely yellowish white;tibia and tarsus of each leg dark brown;the ventral half of mesepisternum smooth and sparsely punctured.The genomic DNA of the new species was extracted using the DNeasy Tissue Kit(Qiagen,Valencia,CA),12 sequences of Cytochrome oxidaseⅠ(COⅠ)2 sequences of the new species and 10 sequences of other species of Cimbicidae were obtained from the mitochondrial gene,with a length of 850 bp;In addition,we downloaded 23 COⅠsequences of known Cimbicidae and related genera species used in previous phylogenetic analyses from GenBank database,which constitute the COⅠsequence data set with the new species sequence(35 samples in total).The genetic distance of Abiinae was analyzed and the results showed that the genetic distance is 0.005 between two samples of the new species.Each of the clade Zaraea,Orientabia and Abia,are recovered as a monophyletic group,with high support for the BI trees(Posterior probability>0.96).We suggest that Zaraea,Orientabia and Abia are three valid genera of Abiinae.Results of molecular analysis of the new species are consistent with those of morphological identification,which supports the establishment of new species.

关 键 词：锤角叶蜂科 丑锤角叶蜂属 新种 食叶昆虫 COⅠ基因 

分 类 号：S718.7[农业科学—林学]