陕北黄土高原植被恢复区土壤酶活性研究  

Seasonal Dynamics of Soil Enzyme Activity in Vegetation Restoration Area of Loess Plateau in Northern Shaanxi

作　　者：赵满兴[1,2] 余光美 白二磊 刘慧 曹阳阳 ZHAO Man-xing;YU Guang-mei;BAI Er-lei;LIU Hui;CAO Yang-yang(College of Life Sciences,Yan′an University,Yan′an,716000,China;Shaanxi Engineering and Technological Research Center for Conversation and Utilization of Regional Biological Resources,Yan'an,716000,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学生命科学学院,陕西延安716000 [2]陕西省区域生物资源保育与利用工程技术研究中心,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《土壤通报》2020年第1期105-114,共10页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41761068)资助。

摘　　要：为了解陕北黄土高原不同植被恢复类型对土壤酶活性的影响,采用完全随机区组设计田间试验的方法,以陕北黄土高原恢复19年的杏树林、沙棘林、刺槐林和草地为研究对象,以农田土壤为对照,研究不同植被恢复类型、土层和季节对土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶以及过氧化氢酶活性的影响,并对酶活性与土壤理化性质关系进行了相关分析。结果表明:土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性差异在不同人工林草地间均达到显著水平。杏树林蔗糖酶活性最高(71.15 mg g-124 h-1),沙棘林脲酶活性最高(52.29 mg g-124 h-1),刺槐林过氧化氢酶活性最高(3.33 ml g-1 h-1)。随着土层加深,人工林草地土壤蔗糖酶和脲酶活性均显著降低。过氧化氢酶活性则表现为0~10 cm最低,10~20 cm土壤过氧化氢酶活性最高。蔗糖酶、脲酶以及过氧化氢酶活性表现出显著的季节性差异,蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性夏季最高,脲酶冬季最高。土壤有机质、碱解氮和速效钾是影响酶活性的主要因素,其他各因子的影响相对较弱;蔗糖酶、脲酶与有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾等呈正相关关系,过氧化氢酶与有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾等呈负相关关系。土壤酶活性是表征植被恢复区土壤生物特性的重要指标之一。In order to study the influence of different types of vegetation restoration on soil enzyme activity and its dynamic change of the seasons of Loess Plateau in northern shaanxi,using the method of the completely random design and take the 19-year of Prunus armeniaca forest,Hipophae rhamnoides forest,Robinia pseudoacacia forest and grassland as the research object compared with the cultivated land to analyzed the effects of different vegetation restoration types and seasons,soil depth on the activity of soil invertase,urease and catalase and related to the soil physical and chemical properties of inspection.The results showed that the Prunus armeniaca forest had the best effect on soil invertase activity(71.15 mg g-124h-1),the Prunus armeniaca forest and Hipophae rhamnoides forest had the best effect on soil urease activity(52.29 mg g-124h-1),and the Robinia pseudoacacia forest had the best effect on soil catalase activity(3.33 ml g-1 h-1).The activity of soil invertase,urease and catalase showed significant seasonal difference with the change of seasons,and the activity of soil enzyme was the highest in summer.The activity of invertase and urease decreased with soil depth except catalase.Soil enzyme activity was significantly correlated with soil physical and chemical properties,of which invertase activity was mainly affected by organic matter,Available N and available potassium.Soil urease activity is mainly affected by organic matter.Soil catalase is mainly affected by organic matter,Available nitrogen,available potassium and soluble organic nitrogen.there was significant positive correlation between the activity of soil invertase and urease.There was significant negative correlation between the activity of soil invertase,urease and catalase.Soil organic matter,Available nitrogen and available phosphorus were the main factors influencing the enzyme activities.Soil enzyme activity was an important index to present the soil biological characteristics.

关 键 词：黄土高原 植被恢复 土壤酶活性 季节 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]