金融科技促进还是阻碍了商业银行效率?——基于中国银行业的实证研究  

Does Fintech Promote or Hinder the Efficiency of Commercial Banks—Evidence from China’s Banking Sector

作　　者：刘孟飞 蒋维 LIU Mengfei;JIANG Wei(International Business School,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学国际商学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《当代经济科学》2020年第3期56-68,共13页Modern Economic Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“银行业高管人员薪酬激励、风险承担与监管改革研究”(15BJL024);教育部科技发展中心高校产学研创新基金项目“金融科技与商业银行融合发展的战略路径、风险防范与监管应对研究”(2019J01009);西安市社科基金规划项目“西安市科技金融产品与服务创新发展战略研究”(19J31)。

摘　　要：立足金融科技深化发展的现实背景,选取2008—2017年中国68家商业银行的非平衡面板数据,首先采用文本挖掘、因子分析等方法测算得到金融科技发展指数,然后构建随机前沿模型,并采用单阶段估计技术,对金融科技环境下的商业银行利润、成本效率及其无效率影响因素进行探讨,并着重就不同类型商业银行效率的演化过程进行了对比分析。研究发现:金融科技发展促进了中国银行业盈利能力的提升,但对成本效率的提高存在阻碍作用。总体来看,中国银行业的利润效率相对较低且起伏大,而成本效率相对较高,且起伏小。相对而言,大型国有银行的利润效率和成本效率都处于相对较高水平。在新的金融生态下,深度融合信息技术,积极融合金融科技转型创新发展是传统商业银行可持续发展的重要途径。Based on the realistic background of the deepening of the development of Fintech,and unbalanced panel data of 68 commercial banks in China between 2008 to 2017 was selected,firstly this paper adopts text mining and factor analysis methods to measure Fintech development index.Then,the SFA model and single-stage estimation technique are used to measure the profit,cost efficiency and inefficiency influencing factors of commercial banks in Fintech environment.We also compare and analyze the evolution process of the efficiency of different types of commercial Banks.The research finds that,overall,the development of Fintech promotes the profitability of China’s banking sector,but hinders the improvement of cost efficiency.The profit and cost efficiency of large state-owned banks are higher than that of small and medium-sized banks.Under the new financial ecology,it is an important way for the sustainable development of traditional commercial banks to deeply integrate information technology and actively transform to financial technology for innovative development.

关 键 词：金融科技 商业银行 利润效率 成本效率 随机前沿分析 

分 类 号：F832.33[经济管理—金融学] F830.42