金刚石工具用Cu-10Sn-xNi合金的制备和性能表征  

Fabrication and Performance Characterization of Cu-10Sn-xNi Alloy for Diamond Tools

作　　者：刘震鹏 闫志巧 陈峰 王顺成 龙莹[3] 吴益雄 LIU Zhenpeng;YAN Zhiqiao;CHEN Feng;WANG Shuncheng;LONG Ying;WU Yixiong(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Guangdong Institute of Materials and Processing,Guangzhou 510650,China;School of Electromechanical Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangzhou Crystal Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410083 [2]广东省材料与加工研究所,广州510650 [3]广东工业大学机电工程学院,广州510006 [4]广州晶体科技有限公司,广州510520

出　　处：《金属学报》2020年第5期760-768,共9页Acta Metallurgica Sinica

基　　金：广东省公益研究与能力建设项目No.2017A070701029;广州市对外科技合作项目No.201907010022;广州市科技项目No.201906040007。

摘　　要：采用球磨法制备了4种不同Ni含量的Cu-10Sn-xNi(x=15、30、45和60,质量分数,%)预合金粉末,分别经820、850和880℃热压烧结制备成合金块材,对预合金粉末和合金块材的微观组织和机械性能进行表征与检测。结果表明:球磨法制备的预合金粉末中出现了Cu3.8Ni相,当Ni含量增加到60%时,还出现了Ni3Sn相和非晶相。随Ni含量的增加和烧结温度的升高,烧结合金中Sn元素的偏析现象得到有效抑制,组织均匀性显著提高,同时合金的密度、抗弯强度和弯曲弹性模量均相应提升。但增加Ni含量对合金的硬度影响不大。880℃热压烧结制备的Cu-10Sn-60Ni合金具有最佳的综合性能,其硬度、抗弯强度和弯曲弹性模量分别100 HRB、1308 MPa和75.6 GPa。Diamond tools are widely used in industry.Co is considered as the best matrix for the diamond tools due to its excellent retention of diamond grits and flexible control of wear resistance.But its application is suppressed because of its high price.The rapidly increasing contribution of matrices to tool production costs continues to encourage researchers to find and implement cheaper alternatives.Cubased alloys are ideal materials to replace Co used as diamond tool matrices because of their low sintering temperature,good formability and low price.However,Cu-based matrices can not effectively hold the diamonds due to their low mechanical strength and small elastic modulus,so the service life and processing efficiency of Cu-based diamond tools are difficult to be satisfied.In this work,four kinds of Cu-10SnxNi pre-alloyed powders with different Ni contents(x=15,30,45 and 60,mass fraction,%)were prepared by ball milling.Bulk samples were fabricated from the pre-alloyed powders by hot pressing sintering at 820,850 and 880℃,respectively.The microstructures and mechanical properties of pre-alloyed powders and bulks were characterized and tested.The results show that Cu3.8Ni phase is detected in the prealloyed powders prepared by ball milling.For the powder with 60%Ni,Ni3Sn phase and amorphous phase are detected.With increasing the Ni content as well as the sintering temperature,the segregation of Sn element in sintered alloys is effectively suppressed and the microstructure becomes homogeneous significantly,and the density,flexural strength and flexural modulus of the alloys are correspondingly improved.However,increasing the Ni content has little effect on the hardness of the alloys.The Cu-10Sn-60Ni alloy prepared by hot pressing at 880℃has the best comprehensive performance.Its hardness,flexural strength and flexural modulus are 100 HRB,1308 MPa and 75.6 GPa,respectively.

关 键 词：金刚石工具 Cu-Sn-Ni 合金 微观组织 抗弯强度 弯曲弹性模量 

分 类 号：TG74[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具]