常见植物真菌性病害拮抗酵母菌的筛选与鉴定  

Screening and identification of common plant fungal disease antagonistic yeast

作　　者：马伟东 李硕 王晨晨 刘溢彩 张畅 吴昊 田寅 张俊杰 MA Weidong;LI Shuo;WANG Chenchen;LIU Yicai;ZHANG Chang;WU Hao;TIAN Yin;ZHANG Junjie(Zhenping County Agricultural Extension Station in Nanyang City,Nanyang 474250,China;College of Food and Bioengineering,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]南阳市镇平县农业推广站,河南南阳474250 [2]郑州轻工业大学食品与生物工程学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《轻工学报》2020年第3期11-18,共8页Journal of Light Industry

摘　　要：针对黄瓜枯萎病病原菌(黄瓜尖孢镰刀菌)、烟草赤星病病原菌(赤星霉菌)和紫云英根腐病病原菌(紫云英根腐病菌)3种常见植物真菌性病害,采用平板对峙法,从已分离保存的81株酵母菌中筛选出具有较强拮抗作用的10株酵母菌,通过形态学特征、生理生化特征、基因测序分析以确定其分类学地位.结果表明:酵母菌WYCCW10371对黄瓜尖孢镰刀菌拮抗效果最好,其抑菌率为46.2%,该菌株被鉴定为Hanseniaspora vineae;酵母菌WYCCW10196对赤星霉菌拮抗效果最好,其抑菌率为30.6%,该菌株被鉴定为Starmerella bacillaris;酵母菌WYCCW11142对紫云英根腐病菌拮抗效果最好,其抑菌率为20.7%,该菌株被鉴定为Pichia terricola.For 3 common plant fungal diseases of cucumber fusarium wilt pathogen(cucumber fusarium oxysporum),tobacco brown spot pathogen(red star mould)and Chinese milk vetch root rot pathogen(Chinese milk vetch root rot fungus),10 yeast strains with strong antagonistic effect were screened out from 81 isolated and preserved yeast strains by plate confrontation method.The classification status of the yeast strains was determined by analyzing morphological characteristics,physiological and biochemical characteristics and gene sequencing analysis.The results showed that WYCCW10371 had the best antagonistic effect against the cucumber fusarium oxysporum,its bacteriostatic rate was 46.2%,which was identified as Hanseniaspora vineae;WYCCW10196 had the best antagonistic effect against the red star mould,its bacteriostatic rate was 30.6%,which was identified as Starmerella bacillusaris;WYCCW11142 had the best antagonistic effect against the Chinese milk vetch root rot fungus,its bacteriostatic rate was 20.7%,which was identified as Pichia terricola.

关 键 词：植物真菌性病害 拮抗酵母菌 平板对峙法 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程] TS41[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]