生物制药企业员工肌肉骨骼疾患及其危险因素研究  

Research on musculoskeletal disorders and risk factors in workers of a biopharmaceutical factory

作　　者：王娜 曲颖 徐擎 钟思武 张曦 张雪艳[2] 王忠旭[2] 贾宁[2] WANG Na;QU Ying;XU Qing;ZHONG Si-wu;ZHANG Xi;ZHANG Xue-yan;WANG Zhong-xu;JIA Ning(Novo Nordisk(China)Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd,Tianjin 300457,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]诺和诺德(中国)制药有限公司,天津300457 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2020年第2期115-118,171,共5页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

基　　金：“十二五”科技支撑项目(编号:2014BAI12B03);中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定项目(项目号:131031109000150003)。

摘　　要：目的探讨生物药品制造企业员工职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)发生状况及可能的影响因素。方法采用流行病学横断面调查方法,选用《中文版肌肉骨骼疾患调查表》电子问卷系统对某生物制药厂部分车间286名员工近1年肌肉骨骼疾患的发生情况进行调查。结果该企业员工WMSDs的年发生率为664%,各部位肌肉骨骼疾患年发生率63%~458%,发病部位居前三位的依次是颈部(458%)、肩部(332%)和上背部(287%),下背部、手腕部、腿部、膝部和踝/足部WMSDs的发生率在不同工种之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<005)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,长时间保持低头姿势和背部弯曲分别是导致颈部和上背部WMSDs的危险因素(P<005),休息时间充足和经常体育锻炼分别是预防颈部和上背部WMSDs的保护因素(P<005)。结论生物制药企业员工WMSDs年发生率较高,亟需制定有针对性的干预措施,以降低WMSDs对员工健康的影响,如搬运过程中缩短手臂与身体的水平距离,调整不良作业姿势,减少重复性作业,合理安排工作时间等。Objective To investigate the incidence and its risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs)in biopharmaceutical factoryMethods A cross-sectional study was conducted using electronic questionnaire system of Chinese version musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in 286 employees in some workshops of a biological pharmaceutical factory in China during past 1 yearResults The results showed that the annual general incidence rate of WMSDs in these employees was 664%,the incidence rates for different parts of body fluctuated between 63%to 458%,the top three parts were neck(458%),shoulders(332%)and upper back(287%),there were some statistical difference in the incidence rates of WMSDs among different types of work in those parts as low back,wrists,legs,knees and ankles(P<005).Furthermore,the multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that keeping head down and back bent for a long time were the risk factors of WMSDs for neck and upper back,respectively(P<005),while enough rest time and regular physical exercise were the protective factors for those parts mentioned above,respectively(P<005).Conclusion The results suggested that the employees of biopharmaceutical factories had higher incidence rate of WMSDs,therefore,it is urgent to formulate targeted intervention measures to reduce the impact of such diseases on employees,such as shortening the horizontal distance between arm and body during transportation,adjusting bad operation posture,reducing repetitive operations,and reasonably arranging working hours,etc.

关 键 词：生物制药 职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs) 危险因素 

分 类 号：R68[医药卫生—骨科学]