2014-2016年兰州市居民死因分析  

Causes of death among residents in Lanzhou city in 2014-2016

作　　者：吴琪 王宇红 李盛 贾清 罗斌[1] 苏利民 刘琼 原晓蓉 阮烨[1] 牛静萍[1] WU Qi;WANG Yu-hong;LI Sheng;JIA Qing;LUO Bin;SU Li-min;LIU Qiong;YUAN Xiao-rong;RUAN Ye;NIU Jing-ping(School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学公共卫生学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州市第一人民医院 [3]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2020年第1期70-74,共5页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：兰州市人才创新创业项目(2015-RC-59);兰州市城关区科技发展计划(2017SHFZ0043)。

摘　　要：目的了解兰州市居民2014-2016年主要死因和寿命损失状况,为兰州市卫生政策的制定提供科学依据。方法基于2014-2016年兰州市常住人口与死亡资料,以国际通用ICD-10标准为依据,采用SPSS 20.0统计软件分析不同性别、年龄居民死亡率、死因分布、老年人口系数、期望寿命、潜在减寿年数、平均潜在寿命损失年数等指标。结果2014-2016年历年兰州市粗死亡率为428.28/10万、369.47/10万、436.51/10万,男性高于女性(χ^22014=578.93,χ^22015=327.02,χ^22016=391.86,P均<0.01),死亡率随年龄呈“√”形趋势。居民期望寿命为81.11岁,前4位单病种死因分别为脑内出血、急性心肌梗死、脑梗死、支气管和肺恶性肿瘤,死亡率依次为27.97/10万、27.37/10万、20.52/10万、20.52/10万、男性死亡率高于女性(P均<0.01)。循环系统疾病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、伤害、内分泌、营养及代谢疾病的死因、减寿年数顺位均较高,去除上述死因后,期望寿命分别可增加7.71岁、2.52岁、1.97岁、0.89岁、0.46岁。结论慢性非传染性疾病和伤害是兰州市居民的主要死因,应针对性地进行干预。Objective To analyze the major causes of death and potential years of life lost among residents in Lanzhou in 2014-2016,and to provide scientific basis for the implement of health policies.Methods Based on the population and death data in Lanzhou from 2014to 2016and international classification of diseases(ICD-10),the mortality of residents,the causes of death,aged population coefficient,life expectancy,the potential years of life lost(PYLL)and average years of life lost(AYLL)were analyzed using SPSS 20.0software.Results The crude death rates were 428.28per 100000,369.47per 100000and 436.51per 100000 population in 2014,2015and 2016,respectively.The mortality was higher in males than in females(χ^22014=578.93,χ^22015=327.02,χ^22016=391.86,P<0.01),and the changes in overall mortality by age showed-shaped curve.The life expectancy of residents was 81.11years.The top four causes of death were cerebral hemorrhage,acute myocardial infarction,cerebral infarction,bronchial and pulmonary cancer with the mortality rates of 27.97per 100000,27.37per 100000,20.52per 100000,20.52per 100000population,which were also higher in males(P<0.01).The circulatory system disease,tumor,respiratory disease,injury,endocrine disease,nutrition and metabolic diseases were also major causes of death and potential years of life lost.If the above causes of death were removed,the expectation of life could increase by 7.71years,2.52years,1.97 years,0.89years and 0.46years.Conclusions Chronic noncommunicable diseases and injury are major causes of death of residents in Lanzhou,the targeted intervention should be taken.

关 键 词：死因 死亡率 老年人口系数 期望寿命 去死因期望寿命 潜在减寿年数 慢性非传染性疾病 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]