佛山市公园风景游憩林的群落结构特征  

Community structure characteristics for landscape-recreational forests in the urban parks of Foshan City

作　　者：赵庆[1] 胡柔璇 许东先 魏玉晗[2] 唐洪辉[1] ZHAO Qing;HU Rouxuan;XU Dongxian;WEI Yuhan;TANG Honghui(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture Protection and Utilization,Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,Guangdong,China;Lingnan Comprehensive Surveying and Designing Institute of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510663,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省林业科学研究院广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室,广东广州510520 [2]广东省岭南综合勘察设计院,广东广州510663

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2020年第3期447-455,共9页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：广东省林业科技创新资助项目(2019KJCX009,2017KJCX034)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确不同生态位风景游憩林的优势树种和结构特征,可揭示风景游憩林构建的规律和存在的问题。【方法】采用群落生态学的方法,以900 m2样方为单元,分别在佛山千灯湖公园(20个样方)、文华公园(40个样方)、平洲公园(20个样方)设置风景游憩林群落样地,结合高分遥感影像,进行每木调查。先对径级、高度级和冠面积划分等级,再进行不同类型风景游憩林的差异分析。【结果】①千灯湖公园的大径级、大高度级和大冠面积等级的主要树种为非洲楝Khaya senegalensis,均比文华公园和平洲公园单一;②在3个样地的有林地和建筑旁林地中,中径级乔木占相对优势明显,大径级乔木占比最少,疏林地和亲水林地小径级乔木占相对优势明显,大径级乔木占比最少;③在3个样地的有林地和建筑旁林地中,中层乔木占比最多,上层乔木占比最少,疏林地和亲水林地下层乔木相对优势明显,上层乔木占比最少;④在3个样地的风景游憩林中,中冠面积等级乔木占比最多,大冠幅等级占比最少。【结论】3个样地森林群落均具备热带或亚热带季风性气候植物区系特征。3个样地的有林地和疏林地(核心林地)、亲水林地和建筑旁林地(边缘林地)内部径级分布均表现出差异。风景游憩林所在位置由城市核心区、次核心区、城郊的过渡,其高度级分布差异逐渐变小。由于树冠是受人为干扰影响最强的生长指标,须开展长期的动态冠面积监测才能反映真实的分布趋势。[Objective]With an attempt at the clarification of the dominant species and structural characteristics of landscape-recreational forests in different ecological niches,the current paper is aimed to conclude the rules and research the existing problems of the construction of landscape-recreational forests.[Method]With the method of community ecology employed and 20 sample plots in Qiandeng Lake Park,40 sample plots in Wenhua Park,and 20 sample plots in the Pingzhou Park selected as researching areas,the research was conducted with every tree surveyed using high-resolution remote sensing images.After the diameter classes,height classes and crown areas were clarified,an analysis was made of the differences among different types of landscapes.[Result](1)Compared with Wenhua Park and Pingzhou Park,Qiandeng Lake Park enjoys a higher level of singleness in tress species with Khaya senegalensis as the dominant tree of large diameter,height,and canopy class;(2)Landscape-recreational forests on closed forest land and besides the buildings are mainly composed of medium-diameter trees while those on in the open forest land and besides the water are mainly composed of small diameter trees with larger diameter trees taking up a small percentage;(3)Landscaperecreational forests in the closed forest land and besides the buildings are mainly composed of the mediumheight trees while,those in the open forest land and besides the water are mainly composed of small height trees,with large height trees taking up a small percentage;(4)Landscape-recreational forests are mainly composed of the medium canopy class trees with,the large canopy trees taking up only a small percentage.[Conclusion]To sum up,floristic characteristics of tropical or subtropical monsoon are all shown in the landscape-recreational forests of the three parks.There are differences in the distribution of diameter classes among the trees in the closed forest land and open forest land(the center forest land)as well as those besides the water and buildings(fringe forest

关 键 词：森林生态学 优势树种 风景游憩林 径级 高度级 冠面积等级 城市森林 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]