三模腔-原子闭环系统中可控的量子干涉和光子传输  

Controllable quantum interference and photon transport in three-mode closed-loop cavity-atom system

作　　者：戴雨菲 陈垚彤 王岚 银恺 张岩 Dai Yu-Fei;Chen Yao-Tong;Wang Lan;Yin Kai;Zhang Yan(Center for Quantum Sciences,School of Physics,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process,School of Physics and Electronics,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学物理学院,量子科学中心,长春130024 [2]中南大学物理与电子学院,超微结构与超快过程湖南省重点实验室,湖南410083

出　　处：《物理学报》2020年第11期86-92,共7页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:11704064);吉林省科技发展计划(批准号:20180520205JH);吉林省教育厅“十三五”科学技术项目(批准号:JJKH20180010KJ);中央高校基本科研业务费(批准号:2412019FZ045)资助的课题.

摘　　要：通过构造一个由相互垂直的两腔和一个二能级原子组成的光学腔-原子系统,研究可控的量子干涉引起的非传统光子传输现象.该系统中,两个正交腔之间通过光纤直接耦合和通过放在两腔交叉处的二能级原子间接耦合.该三模系统支持两个相互垂直的传播方向,即两探测场相互垂直.在考虑原子弛豫速率的情况下,该闭环系统中的光场、腔模与原子跃迁间相互作用所产生的可控量子干涉能导致一些新的对称或非对称的光子输运行为,如相干完美合成、相干完美透明.此外,输运的群速度也可调节,即产生快慢光效应.这些过程能够通过调节探测场间相对相位、两腔之间的隧穿耦合强度进行动态调控.该机制有望用于开发高效的量子信息处理和全光网络的功能元器件(如光开关和路由器等).In recent years,it has been a hot research topic to study the interaction between atomic ensemble and cavities,and many researches have been done in this regard.In such a system,some atoms are trapped in the cavity,which can be used to study their dynamic characteristics,e.g.,the evolution of photon numbers and photon transition.The Jaynes-Cummings model is an important model for studying the dynamic characteristics of the cavity-atom system,which is based on the interaction between a single two-level atom and the cavity field.Recently,coherent photon control in cavity under specific conditions has become an important part of quantum computing and communication.It is worth noting that the tunable photon transmission and all-optical switches based on the cavity have already aroused much interest and have been used in many areas.The quantum information and networks are mostly rooted in complex optical devices,which may show nonreciprocal or asymmetric photon transport.In this paper,we demonstrate that by using an optical closed-loop system the unconventional photon transport can be realized with two mutually perpendicular cavities coupled through external fiber and a two-level atom placed on the intersection.This three-mode system supports two orthogonal propagation directions,that is to say,and the interactions among probe fields are mutually perpendicular.Without ignoring the spontaneous decay of the natural atom,the complex and controllable quantum interference induced by the efficient hybrid interaction of the light,cavity modes,and the atom in such a closed-loop structure can result in a few interesting symmetric and asymmetric photon transport behaviors,i.e.coherent perfect synthesis and coherent perfect reflection.Aside from these compelling properties,the group velocity can also be modulated,i.e.,fast and slow light effect.All of these processes can be dynamically controlled by using the probe field phase difference,the tunneling coupling between two cavities and the coupling between the cavity and the atom

关 键 词：腔-原子系统 量子干涉 可控光子传输 

分 类 号：O431.2[机械工程—光学工程]