氮肥用量与基追比例对浏阳玉米产量形成与抗倒伏性状的互作效应  

Interaction Effects of Application Rate and Base Topdressing Ratio of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield Formation and Lodging Resistance of Maize in Liuyang

作　　者：吴旺嫔 孙君玥 王赛 唐玉凤 葛帅 李茜 易镇邪[1] WU Wangpin;SUN Junyue;WANG Sai;TANG Yufeng;GE Shuai;LI Xi;YI Zhenxie(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128 China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《作物研究》2020年第3期231-235,共5页Crop Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300308-01)。

摘　　要：为研究氮肥用量和基追比例对浏阳玉米产量和抗倒伏性状的影响,以玉米品种登海605为材料,于2019年在湖南省浏阳市沿溪镇河东农场进行了2个氮肥用量(A1:273 kg/hm^2、A2:205 kg/hm^2)和3个基追比例(B1:5∶5、B2:6∶4、B3:7∶3)的大田试验。结果表明:(1)施氮量较高、追肥比例较大有利于提高玉米生育中后期叶面积指数,为提高产量奠定了基础;(2)氮肥用量对株高、穗位高、基部节间总长度无显著影响,但施氮量较大有利于提高茎粗;氮肥基追比例对玉米抗倒伏性状有一定影响,以B2处理株高、穗位高、倒折率最低;(3)玉米产量随施氮量增大而提高,基追比例处理中以B2处理产量最高。综合产量与抗倒伏性状,浏阳玉米适宜氮肥用量和基追比例分别为273 kg/hm^2与6∶4。In order to study the effects of nitrogen application rate and basal topdressing ratio on yield and lodging resistance of maize in Liuyang,the field experiment was carried out with two nitrogen fertilizer rates,(A1:273 kg/hm^2,A2:205 kg/hm^2)and three basal topdressing ratio(B1:5∶5,B2:6∶4,B3:7∶3)with maize variety Denghai 605 in Hedong Farm,Yanxi Town,Liuyang City,Hunan Province in 2019.The results showed that:(1)Higher nitrogen application and higer topdressing ratio were benificial to increase the leaf area index of maize at mid-late growth stage,which provided the basis for improving yield of maize.(2)The amount of nitrogen fertilizer had no significant effect on plant height,ear height and total length of basal internodes,but the larger amount of nitrogen application was benificial to the increase of stem diameter,and the ratio of nitrogen base topdressing had certain effect on lodging resistance traits of maize,and plant height,ear height and discount rate in B2 treatment were lowest.(3)The yield of maize was increased with the increment of nitrogen apptication rate,which of B2 was highest.Comprehensively considered the yield and lodging resistance,the optimal rate and basal to dressing ratio of nitrogen fertilizer for maize in Liuyang were 273 kg/hm^2 and 6∶4,respectively.

关 键 词：玉米 施氮量 基追肥比例 产量 抗倒伏 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]