传统“新民”含义的近代化历程考论——以朱熹“在新民”和梁启超《新民说》为线索  

On the Modernization Process of the Traditional Concept “Xinmin”--Take “In Xinmin”of Zhuxi and “Xinmin Theory”of Liang Qichao as Examples

作　　者：高晓军 GAO Xiao-jun(Confucius Cultural Research Institute,Qufu Normal University,Qufu 273100,China)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学孔子文化研究院,山东曲阜273100

出　　处：《青岛农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第1期64-68,92,共6页Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Social Science)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“《尚书》学研究”(18ZDA245)。

摘　　要：先秦文献中常见的"新民"二字并不代表体系化"新民"观念的建立。朱熹对《大学》经传文的划分及重新诠释标志着"新民"观念体系化的建立。其"新民"含义主要有两层:一是通过"格物""致知"以达到自我的复性更新;二是在"明己德"后,将明己之"德"推及到除自我以外的整个外部环境中,从而形成一种整体的更新系统,两层含义由内而外,相互贯通。近代以来,梁启超的《新民说》是对传统"新民"含义创造性转化的标志性成果。虽然《新民说》是基于近代社会转型中"国民性构建"这一问题所论,但其说所统摄下的"公德""私德"两大核心概念依然赓续的是传统"新民"的两层含义。"新民"观念在近代化的转变中仍然以传统之意为其底色。The word "Xinmin" commonly found in the pre-Qin literature does not represent the establishment of systematized concept of "Xinmin". ZhuXi’s division and reinterpretation of The Great Learning symbolized the systematization of the "Xinmin" concept. The meaning of "Xinmin" mainly consists of two layers: one is to achieve self-renaturation by means of studying the physical nature(GeWu) and gaining knowledge(ZhiZhi);The other is to push the virtue of oneself to the whole external environment except for oneself, thus forming a whole renewal system, where the two levels of meaning are interlinked from inside to outside. Since the modern times, Liang Qichao’s "Xinmin Theory" is a landmark achievement of the creative transformation of the traditional concept of "Xinmin". Although the "Xinmin Theory" is based on the construction of "national character" in the transformation of modern society, the core concepts of "public morality" and "private virtue" in his theory are continued to be the two layers of meaning of the traditional "Xinmin", which shows the concept of "Xinmin" is still based on the traditional meaning in the its modernization transformation.

关 键 词：朱熹《大学》注 “在新民” 《新民说》 近代化 

分 类 号：K203[历史地理—历史学]