高速公路连续长下坡路段大型货车专用缓速车道研究  

Research on Exclusive Low-Speed Lane for Large Truck in Highway Continuous Long Downhill Section

作　　者：张驰[1,2] 胡涛[1,3] 林宣财[4] 白浩晨 吴善根[4] ZHANG Chi;HU Tao;LIN Xuancai;BAI Haochen;WU Shangen(College of Highway,Chang an University,Xi'an 710064,Shaanxi,China;MOE Engineering Research Center of Digital Road Infrastructure,Xi'an 710000,Shaanxi,China;Transportation Infrastructure Construction and Management Digital Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province,Xi'an 710000,Shaanxi,China;CCCC First Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710075,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064 [2]道路基础设施数字化教育部工程研究中心,陕西西安710000 [3]陕西省交通基础设施建设与管理数字化工程研究中心,陕西西安710000 [4]中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第4期104-113,共10页Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0803906);长安大学中央高校基本科研任务费专项资金资助项目(300102210205)。

摘　　要：为降低大型载重货车的下坡风险,提升我国高速公路连续长下坡的行车安全性,研究了连续长下坡路段货车专用缓速车道。分析了大型货车在发动机辅助制动下坡时的行驶特性,基于货车制动毂温度和速度特性,提出长下坡路段应在必要时增设货车专用缓速车道。以六轴铰接列车为设计主导车型,从铰接列车下坡安全性入手研究了缓速车道的架构体系,明确了缓速车道的设置方法,提出了包括渐变段、缓冲区和稳速区等在内的车道架构及其线形指标,分析了缓速车道的合理限速值以及推荐挡位。最后以G5京昆高速某长大下坡为例,通过多种通行方式下的货车制动毂温升数值模拟,对比验证了缓速车道的安全通行性。结果表明:相较于自由流速度下坡和分车道限速下坡,设置缓速车道后坡底制动毂温度分别降低了114和79℃,降温幅度分别达到32.9%和25.3%,且缓速车道路段内最高温度低于安全临界温度,表明在连续长下坡内增设缓速车道可显著缓解制动毂温升态势,降低货车制动失效概率。Exclusive low-speed lane for large trucks was designed to improve the driving safety of large trucks in continuous downhill section of highways. The driving characteristics of large trucks going downhill under the condition of engine auxiliary braking were analyzed. Based on the brake drum temperature and speed characteristics, it was proposed that there is a necessity to construct an exclusive low-speed lane in continuous long downhill section of highways for large trucks. Taking the six-axis articulated vehicle as the guiding type, the low-speed lane structure system was studied for the driving safety of articulated vehicles when going downhill. the setting method of the low-speed lane was clarified. The lane structures including transition section, buffer zone, steady speed zone and its linear shape were proposed. Then the reasonable speed limit and recommended gear of the low-speed lane was analyzed. Finally, taking a long downhill slope in G5 Jing-kun highway as an example, the temperature rise value of the truck brake drum under various traffic modes was simulated, and the passing safety of the low-speed lane was verified. The results show that, compared with the temperature of brake drum in downhill of free-flow speed lanes and in downhill of limit speed lanes, the temperature of brake drum on downhill bottom of the slow-speed lane is reduced by 114 and 79 ℃, respectively, and the cooling amplitude can reaches 32.9% and 25.3%, respectively. The maximum temperature in the low-speed lane section is lower than the critical safety temperature. It indicates that setting a low-speed lane in the continuous long downhill section can greatly reduce the rising temperature of the brake drum as well as the probability of brake failure.

关 键 词：道路工程 缓速车道 下坡特性 连续长下坡 制动毂温升 

分 类 号：U412.33[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]