黑龙江省18岁及以上常住居民吸烟和戒烟现状分析  

Analysis on Status Quo of Smoking and Smoking Cessation among Permanent Residents above 18 Years Old in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：闫世春[1] 边黎明 周雪[1] 靳林[1] 崔晓明 李阳春[1] YAN Shi-chun;ZHOU Xue;JIN Lin(Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin,150030,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省疾病预防控制中心,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省卫生健康发展研究中心,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2020年第4期58-61,共4页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：黑龙江省卫生计生委科研课题(2018562);黑龙江省卫生健康委科研课题(2019-196)。

摘　　要：目的了解黑龙江省18岁及以上常住居民吸烟和戒烟行为状况,为制定烟草控制措施提供科学依据。方法利用2015黑龙江省成人慢性病和营养监测项目调查数据进行统计分析。结果2015年黑龙江省18岁及以上居民现在吸烟率为26.23%,男性明显高于女性,不同性别居民现在吸烟率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^2=858.29,P<0.05);现在吸烟率在城乡中的差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.11,P>0.05);开始每日吸烟的平均年龄为19.96岁,男性养成规律吸烟习惯早于女性,戒烟率为13.75%,不同性别居民戒烟率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=2.05,P>0.05),戒烟率在城乡中的差异无统计学意义(χ^2=3.21,P>0.05);成功戒烟率为10.66%,男性成功戒烟率高于女性,不同性别居民成功戒烟率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=5.52,P<0.05);成功戒烟率在城乡中的差异无统计学意义(χ^2=1.34,P>0.05)。结论黑龙江省目前烟草使用现象仍然较为普遍,成年男性吸烟率较高,戒烟和成功戒烟率水平低。OBJECTIVE To investigate the smoking and smoking cessation behaviors of permanent residents aged 18 and above in Heilongjiang Province,and to provide scientific basis for formulating tobacco control measures.METHODS The investigation data of adult chronic diseases and nutrition monitoring projects in Heilongjiang Province in 2015 were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS The smoking rate of residents aged 18 and above was 26.23% in Heilongjiang Province in 2015,and the smoking rate of male residents was significantly higher than the female.The difference in the smoking rate between different genders was statistically significant(χ^2=858.29,P<0.055),and there was no statistically significant difference in the smoking rate between urban and rural areas(χ^2=0.11,P>0.05)currently.The mean age of starting daily smoking was 19.96 years old.Regular smoking of male residents was started earlier than the female.The smoking cessation rate was 13.75%,and there was no statistically significant difference in the smoking cessation rate between different genders(χ^2=2.05,P>0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference in the smoking cessation rate between urban and rural areas(χ^2=3.21,P>0.05).The rate of successful smoking cessation was 10.66%.The rate of successful smoking cessation among adult residents was higher than the female.The difference in the rate of successful smoking cessation was statistically significant(χ^2=5.52,P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of successful smoking cessation between urban and rural areas(χ^2=1.34,P>0.05).CONCLUSION Tobacco application was still common in Heilongjiang Province at present,adult male residents had relatively high smoking rate,low smoking cessation rate and low rate of successful smoking cessation rate.

关 键 词：常住居民 吸烟 戒烟 黑龙江 

分 类 号：R169.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]