全球4大卫星导航系统浅析  

Brief analysis on global four major navigation satellite systems

作　　者：陈倩[1] 易炯 CHEN Qian;YI Jiong(China Electronics Standardization Institute,Beijing 100007,China;Hwa Create Technology Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电子技术标准化研究院,北京100007 [2]北京华力创通科技股份有限公司,北京100193

出　　处：《导航定位学报》2020年第3期115-120,共6页Journal of Navigation and Positioning

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0821900)。

摘　　要：为进一步研究卫星导航系统,对现有4大全球卫星导航系统进行对比分析:从星座、信号体制、坐标和时间系统以及服务性能等方面,对北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)、全球定位系统(GPS)、伽利略卫星导航系统(Galileo)和格洛纳斯卫星导航系统(GLONASS)进行对比;指出BDS的优势。结果表明:BDS在系统星座和信息编码上有较大优势,系统服务性能与GPS和Galileo相当,并优于GLONASS;BDS基于地球静止轨道(GEO)、倾斜地球同步轨道(IGSO)及中圆地球轨道(MEO)的星座分布,可提升亚太地区的定位精度和可用性;BDS采用的64进制低密度奇偶校验(LDPC)编码优于其他系统的编码方式,相比GPS的二进制LDPC编码,可带来0.6~1.2 dB的额外增益。In order to further study on navigation satellite systems,the paper comparatively analyzed on the existing four major global navigation satellite systems(GNSS):the system constellation,signal structure,coordinate and time system and service performance were compared among BDS,GPS,Galileo and GLONASS;and the advantages of BDS were pointed out.Results showed that:BDS would be superior in system constellation and message encoding,and equivalent to GPS and Galileo,while better than GLONASS in the sytem service performance;based on the constellation distribution of GEO/IGSO/MEO,BDS could improve the positioning accuracy and availability in the Asia-Pacific region;the encoding of 64 binary LDPC used by BDS would be better than that by other systems,which could bring additional gain of 0.6~1.2 dB compared with the binary LDPC encoding of GPS.

关 键 词：全球卫星导航系统 系统星座 信号体制 坐标系统 系统时 服务性能 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]