证人社二次“别会”与晚明浙中王学讲会之分合——兼论黄宗羲并非刘门“左右师席者”  

The Differentiation of Zhengrenshe&the Division and Combination about Teaching Activities of Wang Yangming School

作　　者：张天杰[1,2] ZHANG Tian-jie(School of Public Administration,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China;Institute for Chinese Learning,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学公共管理学院,浙江杭州311121 [2]杭州师范大学国学院,浙江杭州311121

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2020年第2期17-31,共15页Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“多卷本《宋明理学史新编》”(17ZDA013)。

摘　　要：证人社是晚明浙中最为重要的王学讲会,然因为主持者刘宗周与陶奭龄的学术分歧而曾有过二次“别会”,也即崇祯四年的“白马别会”与崇祯十一年的“古小学别会”,学界则多有将之混淆误解。十多年间,两派弟子的讲学与论辩,既有分歧又有交融,使得浙中的王学讲会在明清之际繁荣一时,发展出蕺山、姚江两大心学学派。其中陶奭龄对讲会活动较为积极,而刘宗周及其弟子则因为学术多有发明而影响深远。黄宗羲后来对蕺山学作出过重要贡献,但他关于“白马别会”的记载多半有误,就证人社讲会而言则参与极少,且并非刘门“左右师席者”。In the late Ming Dynasty,Zhengrenshe was the most important lecturing organization of Wang Yangming School in the middle of Zhejiang Province.However,because of the academic differences between Liu Zongzhou and Tao Shiling,the hosts of the lecturing organization,there was twice-internal-meetiong,that is,the meeting of Baimashanfang and the meeting of Guxiaoxue.Many scholars in the academic field confused and misunderstood them.For the lectures and arguments of the disciples of the two schools,they had both differences and fusions in more than ten years,which made Wang Yangming School prosperous for a while in the middle part of Zhejiang at the time of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and developed two major schools of mind study,Jishan and Yaojiang.Among them,Tao Shiling was more active in the lecturing activitves,and Liu Zongzhou and his disciples had far-reaching influence in the academic field.Huang Zongxi made an important contribution to the inheritance of Liu Zongzhou’s thought,but there were a lot of mistakes in what he was recorded about the meeting of Baimashanfang.He rarely participated in the lectures of Zhengrenshe,so he was not an important disciple who could influence Liu Zongzhou’s lectures.

关 键 词：阳明学 证人社 浙中王学讲会 刘宗周 陶奭龄 黄宗羲 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]