‘琯溪蜜柚’园土壤和树体的硫素营养研究  

Sulfur nutrition status in trees and soils of‘Guanximiyou’pomelo orchards

作　　者：林伟杰 李歆博 于建霞 林锋 庄木来 朱东煌 郭九信 陈立松[1] 李延[1] LIN Weijie;LI Xinbo;YU Jianxia;LIN Feng;ZHUANG Mulai;ZHU Donghuang;GUO Jiuxin;CHEN Lisong;LI Yan(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;Comprehensive Experiment Station for Guanximiyou,Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Pinghe County,Zhangzhou 363700,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学资源与环境学院·福建省土壤环境健康与调控重点实验室,福州350002 [2]平和县农业农村局琯溪蜜柚综合试验站,福建漳州363700

出　　处：《果树学报》2020年第6期848-856,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家农业(柑橘)产业技术体系专项经费(CARS-26-01A);国家自然科学基金(31801947);福建农林大学科技创新专项基金(105/KF2015072)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究‘琯溪蜜柚’园土壤和树体的硫素状况及其影响因素,探讨土壤硫富集与土壤酸化以及钙、镁淋失的关系。【方法】采集和分析314个‘琯溪蜜柚’园土壤、叶片样品以及27个土壤剖面样品的硫含量。【结果】‘琯溪蜜柚’园土壤有效硫含量(w,后同)范围10.98~116.65 mg·kg^-1,平均值55.63 mg·kg^-1,土壤有效硫高量(>30 mg·kg^-1)、适量(16~30 mg·kg^-1)和低量(<16 mg·kg^-1)的比例分别为83.44%、13.06%和3.50%,土壤有效硫含量随土壤有机质含量、阳离子交换量和黏粒(<0.002 mm)含量的增加而提高,随种植年限的延长呈升高的趋势,剖面土壤有效硫含量平均值为40~60 cm>20~40 cm>0~20 cm。相关分析表明,土壤有效硫含量与土壤pH以及交换性钙、镁含量均呈极显著负相关‘。琯溪蜜柚’叶片硫含量的范围为0.24%~0.53%,平均值为0.34%,叶片硫适量(0.2%~0.4%)和高量(>0.4%)的占比分别为86.94%和13.06%。【结论】‘琯溪蜜柚’园土壤和树体均存在硫过量问题,土壤硫富集会导致土壤酸化、促进钙和镁的淋失,生产上应减少含硫肥料的使用。【Objective】‘Guanximiyou’pomelo is a product of national geographical indication in Pinghe county(24°02′-24°35′N,116°53′-117°31′E),Zhangzhou city,Fujian province.The planting area of honey pomelo in Pinghe county was approximately 4.67×10^4 hm^2 with a yield about 120×10^4 t in 2017.The planting area,yield and export volume all rank the first in the country.Sulfur is an essential nutrient element for plant growth and development.It participates in many important physiological and metabolic processes in plants.Citrus is considered as“Cl-sensitive crop”,therefore,farmers have used potassium sulfate,magnesium sulphate and other sulfur-containing fertilizers for a long time.The fertilizer application amount for honey pomelo in Pinghe county ranks the first among the main citrus producing counties in China.Long-term excessive fertilization has caused problems such as soil acidification,nutrient enrichment,and nutritional imbalances,which seriously affect the yield and quality of honey pomelo.Therefore,integrated nutrient management in honey pomelo orchards is very important.In order to provide theoretical and practical basis for the rational application of sulfur-containing fertilizers,soil sulfur content status,soil sulfur distribution characteristics and factors affecting sulfur content inhoney pomelo orchards were analyzed.The relationships of sulfur enrichment with soil acidification,and with calcium and magnesium leaching were discussed.【Methods】314 representative honey pomelo orchards for soil and leaf sample collection were selected from 10 major pomelo producing towns(Wenfeng,Qiling,Luxi,Jiufeng,Nansheng,Guoqiang,Banzai,Shange,Xiazhai and Xiaoxi)in Pinghe county,Fujian province.In order to explore the distribution characteristics of available sulfur in the soil profile,27 honey pomelo orchards with planting years of 15 or more were selected,and soil samples from three soil layers(0-20 cm,20-40 cm and 40-60 cm)were collected at 10 cm inward from the canopy drip line for avoiding fer

关 键 词：‘琯溪蜜柚’ 果园 土壤有效硫含量 叶片硫含量 影响因素 

分 类 号：S666.3[农业科学—果树学]