断胚根处理对薄壳山核桃籽播苗生长的影响  

Effect of radicle excision treatment on the growth of pecan seedlings

作　　者：倪钟涛 侯志颖 李财运 王正加[1] NI Zhongtao;HOU Zhiying;LI Caiyun;WANG Zhengjia(Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University/The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture,Lin’an 311300,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学·亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《果树学报》2020年第6期857-865,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(2018TS08);浙江省科技厅重大研发专项(2018C02004);浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02052-13);国家自然科学基金项目(31600547)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同断胚根处理对薄壳山核桃籽播苗生长的影响,为薄壳山核桃种苗培育提供技术支撑。【方法】选用大小基本相同的‘波尼’品种薄壳山核桃种子,经催芽后,将其分为胚根长度小于2 cm、2~4 cm、大于4 cm三个组,对3组催芽种子进行不同的断胚根处理。将处理后的种子种植到相同的容器内培养,统计种子出苗率,测定幼苗生长指标、根系形态指标和生理生化指标。【结果】对胚根长度小于2 cm的种子进行断根尖处理后,种子的出苗率显著提高,幼苗的叶绿素荧光参数指标和可溶性糖含量显著增加。对于胚根长度2~4 cm的种子,生长前期,断胚根处理幼苗的茎叶干质量、根系干质量、总干质量和根系活力显著大于对照处理幼苗;生长后期,对照处理幼苗的地径、根系干质量、部分根系形态指标和可溶性糖含量显著大于断胚根处理幼苗。对于胚根长度大于4 cm的种子,对照处理种子的出苗率显著大于留2 cm胚根的处理;生长前期,断胚根处理幼苗的根系活力显著大于对照处理。【结论】对于胚根长度小于2 cm的种子,可以采取切除根尖的方法;对于胚根长度在2~4 cm的种子,无需进行断胚根的处理;对于胚根长度大于4 cm的种子,可以采取断1/2胚根的方法。【Objective】This study investigated the effect of radicle excision treatments on the growth of pecan seedlings in order to provide technical support for the cultivation of pecan.【Methods】‘Pawnee’pecan seeds of the same size were selected for temperature-controlled germination.After germination,the pecan seeds were divided into three groups according to the radicle length.Group F had a radicle length no longer than 2 cm;group S between 2 and 4 cm;and group T longer than 4 cm.The control in these groups was designated as F1,S1,and T1,respectively.The treatments with root tip removal in the three groups were recorded as F2,S2,and T2.The treatment with 1/2 radicle removed in group S and group T was designated as S3 and T3,respectively,and the treatment with 2 cm radicle left in group T was assigned as T4.All the nine treatments had three replicates each with 30 seeds.The treated germinating seeds were planted in the same container,and then the seedling emergence rate was recorded.The growth index,root morphological index,and some physiological and biochemical indexes of the seedlings were measured and statistically analyzed in mid-June(early growth stage)and mid-September(late growth stage).【Results】The seedling emergence rate of F2 was significantly increased by 14.8%compared with F1.No significant difference in the seedling emergence rate was found among treatments in group S.However,the seedling emergence rate in T1 was significantly higher than in T4.No significant difference in the length and ground diameter of the above-ground part in group S in the early stage of seedling growth.Compared to S1,the stem and leaf dry weights of S2 and S3 increased significantly by 48.3%and 81.8%,respectively.The dry root weight of S3,increased significantly by 22.7%and 25.2%compared to S1 and S2,respectively.The total dry weight of the seedlings in S3 was significantly higher than S1 and S2,by 30.0%and 27.7%respectively.In the late stage of seedling growth,the radicle excision treatments in groups F and T had no s

关 键 词：薄壳山核桃 断胚根 生长指标 根系形态指标 生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]