‘富士’苹果不同O2/CO2简易气调贮藏的生理特性  

Effect of different O2/CO2 proportions on the physiological characteristics of‘Fuji’apple fruit during modified atmosphere storage

作　　者：王雷 田晓宁 田雪婷 吴晗笑 李瑞[1] 刘佳 任小林[1] WANG Lei;TIAN Xiaoning;TIAN Xueting;WU Hanxiao;LI Rui;LIU Jia;REN Xiaolin(College of Horticulture,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《果树学报》2020年第6期909-919,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

摘　　要：【目的】探索‘富士’苹果果实长期贮藏过程中的最适O2/CO2比例,为采后‘富士’苹果果实贮藏提供理论依据。【方法】以‘富士’苹果果实为材料,在(1±0.5)℃贮藏条件下,采用不同比例O2/CO2简易气调长期贮藏,测定不同贮藏条件下果实品质、相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)、ATP、过氧化氢(H2O2)含量、超氧阴离子(O2-)生成速率、PLD、SOD、线粒体H^+-ATPase、线粒体Ca^2+-ATPase、SDH和CCO活性的指标,从膜脂代谢和能量代谢两个角度来分析不同比例O2/CO2简易气调过程中‘富士’果实发生CO2伤害的原因。【结果】‘富士’苹果长期贮藏过程中,不同比例O2/CO2简易气调均可有效维持果实质量、硬度、可滴定酸含量、可溶性固形物含量;但当处理中O2浓度小于10%、CO2浓度大于5%时,果实发生CO2伤害,果实中与能量产生相关的线粒体H^+-ATPase、线粒体Ca^2+-ATPase、SDH、CCO活性降低,ATP含量减小,同时SOD活性减弱,O2-、H2O2产生增加,PLD活性被激活,膜结构的完整性被破坏,褐变发生。【结论】‘富士’苹果果实长期贮藏过程中保鲜效果最好的是处理Ⅰ(3%CO2+12%O2+85%N2),当O2浓度小于10%、CO2浓度大于5%时,细胞维持较低能量水平,膜脂过氧化严重,CO2伤害发生。【Objective】In this test,’Fuji’apple fruit was used as the material and stored at(1±0.5) ℃ to study the effect of different ratios of O2/CO2 treatment on fruit quality, including firmness, titratable acid and soluble solids content, relative conductivity, MDA, ATP and H2O2 contents, O2-production rate,PLD, SOD, mitochondrial H+-ATPase, mitochondrial Ca2+-ATPase, SDH, and CCO activity during modified atmosphere storage. In order to explore the causes of CO2 damage to’Fuji’fruit with different ratios of O2/CO2 treatment from the perspectives of lipid and energy metabolisms, the optimum O2/CO2 ratio of the’Fuji’apple during modified atmosphere storage was determined, which provided a theoretical basis for’Fuji’apple storage after harvest.【Methods】’Fuji’apples were picked from the Baoji Qianyang Apple Experimental Farm of Northwest A & F University, China, on 23 October 2018. After standing at room temperature for 24 hours to dissipate the field heat, 600 healthy fruits with the same maturity and sizewithout diseases, pests and mechanical damage were selected for subsequent experiments. The fruits were then divided into four groups and 150 fruits were contained per group. The fruits of four groups were put into sealed plastic buckets with a volume of 120 L, and stored in a refrigerator at(1±0.5) ℃ and with 85%-90% relative humidity. The gas ratios of four groups included treatment Ⅰ3%CO2+12%O2+85%N2;treatment Ⅱ 5%CO2+10%O2+85%N2;treatment Ⅲ 10%CO2+5%O2+85%N2;and CK was just common air.’Fuji’apple samples were taken out every 30 days, and 10 fruits were taken for each treatment. Relevant indexes were determined and some samples were saved for subsequent tests. The O2/CO2 ratio was readjusted after sampling.’Fuji’apples were stored for 150 days.【Results】During the long-term storage of’Fuji’apples, compared with ordinary refrigeration, simple air-conditioning with different ratios of O2/CO2 treatment can effectively maintain fruit quality, including hardness, titrat

关 键 词：‘富士’苹果 CO2伤害 膜脂代谢 能量代谢 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]