基于新型探测线圈的永磁电机转子失磁故障在线监测方法  

Online monitoring method for rotor demagnetization fault of permanent magnet synchronous machine based on new type of search coil

作　　者：杜威[1] 孙宇光[1] 田代宗 桂林[1] DU Wei;SUN Yuguang;TIAN Daizong;GUI Lin(State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipments,Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学电机系电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《电力自动化设备》2020年第6期218-224,共7页Electric Power Automation Equipment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51277103)。

摘　　要：在永磁同步电机(PMSM)靠近定子侧的气隙中布置特殊节距及联接方式的新型探测线圈,转子局部失磁故障会在其端口引起特定频率的交流电压,理论上可作为转子失磁故障的判据。由于电机实际运行中转速的波动和采样频率的限制,采用传统信号处理方法难以准确提取探测线圈电压采样信号中的故障特征频率,可能会将转子失磁故障误判为定子内部短路故障。因此提出借助现代功率谱估计算法中的最小二乘旋转参数不变估计结合模拟退火算法,即使在转速扰动造成非整周期同步采样的情况下,也能够准确计算出探测线圈电压监测信号中各种分量的实际频率和有效值等,在此基础上提出了一种PMSM转子局部失磁故障的在线监测方案。通过样机实验,验证了这种在线监测方案的可靠性和灵敏性,为PMSM的安全运行提供了更完善的保障。A new type of search coil with special pitch and connection mode is arranged in the air gap near the stator side of the PMSM(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine),which will cause a specific fre⁃quency of AC voltage after rotor local demagnetization fault.In theory,it can be used as a criterion for demagnetization fault of the rotor.Due to the fluctuation of the speed and limit of the sampling rate during the actual operation of the PMSM,it is difficult to accurately extract the fault characteristic frequency in the sampling signal of the open circuit voltage of the search coil by the traditional signal processing method,and the demagnetization fault may be misjudged as the stator internal short circuit fault.Therefore,it is proposed to use the TLS-ESPRIT(Total Least Squares-Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invari⁃ance Technique)combined with the SA(Simulated Annealing)algorithm,which can accurately calculate the actual frequencies and RMS(Root-Mean-Square)of various components in the monitoring signal of the opencircuit voltage of the search coil,even when the speed disturbance causes non-integral periodic synchronous sampling.On this basis,an online monitoring scheme for local demagnetization fault of PMSM is proposed.The reliability and sensitivity of the online monitoring scheme are verified by prototype experiments,which provides more guarantee for the operation safety of PMSM.

关 键 词：新型探测线圈 永磁同步电机 转子失磁故障 现代功率谱估计 故障在线监测 

分 类 号：TM313[电气工程—电机]