基于表型性状的毛花雀稗遗传多样性分析  

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Paspalum dilatatum Germplasms Based on Phenotypic Traits

作　　者：黄莉娟 唐华江 赵丽丽[1,2] 王普昶[3] 宋高翔 HUANG Lijuan;TANG Huajiang;ZHAO Lili;WANG Puchang;SONG Gaoxiang(College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education),Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guizhou Prataculture Institute,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]山地植物资源保护与种质创新教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州省草业研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第8期60-66,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：山地植物资源保护与种质创新教育部重点实验室开放课题资助项目(MOELP-201701);贵州省科技计划重大专项资助项目(黔科合重大专项字[2016]3002号);贵州省高层次创新型人才资助项目(黔财教[2017]45号)。

摘　　要：以6份不同来源的毛花雀稗种质为试材,测定其11个表型性状,计算各表型性状的变异系数和Shannon-Weaver指数,并进行主成分分析和聚类分析,以期揭示毛花雀稗种质间的遗传差异。结果表明:11个表型性状变异系数平均值为38.65%,其茎节间长度、茎长粗比、鲜质量和干质量4个指标变异系数均超过50%;株高的Shannon-Weaver指数最低,生长速度的最高。株高与茎节直径和叶宽呈极显著相关,相关系数分别为0.961、0.921(P<0.01);鲜质量与株高和茎节直径的相关系数为0.852和0.869,呈显著相关(P<0.05);而干质量与株高呈显著相关(P<0.05),与茎节直径和鲜质量呈极显著相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别为0.861、0.925、0.971。前3个主成分的累积贡献率达95.24%,贡献较大的株高、叶长、鲜质量和干质量4个因子可以作为毛花雀稗种质的综合评价指标。聚类分析显示毛花雀稗种质群体可分为2个大类群,与其它种质相比地理距离最大的美国种质为第一类群,来自亚洲的5个种质为第二类群,而第二类群又可以进一步分为2个亚类群,越南种质单独为一个亚类群,来自贵州的4个种质为一个亚类群。可见美国种质与亚洲种质有一定的遗传差异,可在育种中挖掘。To reveal the genetic variations of six Paspalum dilatatum germplasms derived from different regions,11 phenotypic traits.The variation coefficient and Shannon-Weaver index were calculated for each phenotypic trait,and then principal component analysis and cluster analysis were also conducted.The results showed that the average variation coefficient of 11 phenotypic traits was 38.65%,and the variation coefficient of internode length growth rate,internode length/stem diameter ratio,fresh mass and dry mass were higher than 50%.The Shannon-Weaver index was the lowest in plant height and highest in growth rate.Plant height,was hightly significant correlation with stem diameter and leaf width,the correlation coefficients were 0.961 and 0.921(P<0.01),respectively.The fresh mass′ correlation coefficients of plant height and stem diameter were 0.852 and 0.869,which showing a significant correlation(P<0.05).However,dry mass was significant correlation with plant height(P<0.05),and hightly significant correlation with stem diameter and fresh mass(P<0.01),the correlation coefficients were 0.861,0.925,0.971,respectively.The cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 95.24%,plant height,leaf length,fresh mass and dry mass were main contributors of these three principal components,and they could be identified as an proxy for comprehensive evaluation.The cluster analysis showed that the six germplasms could be divided into two groups,the American germplasm with the largest geographical distance was the first group compared with other germplasm,and the five germplasms from Asia belonged to the second category.The second group could be divided into two subgroups,the Vietnamese germplasm was classified into a subgroup,and the four germplasms from Guizhou belonged to another subgroup.Therefore,there were some genetic differences between American germplasm and Asian germplasm,which could be explored in breeding.

关 键 词：毛花雀稗 遗传多样性 表型性状 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]