2018年北京市8~10岁儿童甲状腺肿大调查及影响因素分析  

Analysis of the prevalence and risk factors of goiter among children aged 8 to 10 years old in Beijing in 2018

作　　者：杜丹[1] 李阳桦 任海林[1] 刘博[1] 李旭[1] 王全意[1] 黎新宇[1] Du Dan;Li Yanghua;Ren Hailin;Liu Bo;Li Xu;Wang Quanyi;Li Xinyu(Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control,Beijing Research Center of Preventive Medicine,Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京市预防医学研究中心传染病地方病控制所,100013

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2020年第3期199-202,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的了解北京市8~10岁儿童甲状腺肿大(简称甲肿)情况,探讨儿童甲肿的影响因素。方法2018年,在北京市16个区,每个区按东、西、南、北、中划分为5个抽样片区,每个片区抽取1个乡镇/街道,每个乡镇/街道抽取1所小学,每所小学抽取8~10岁非寄宿学生40例。采用B超法测量儿童甲状腺大小,根据《地方性甲状腺肿诊断标准》计算甲状腺容积并判定是否为甲肿。采集儿童随意1次尿样,采用砷铈催化分光光度法检测尿碘;测量儿童身高、体重,计算体质指数(BMI),分析甲状腺容积与身高、体重的相关性。结果共调查儿童3268例,其中甲肿儿童154例,甲肿率为4.7%,且女生甲肿率[5.7%(93/1641)]高于男生[3.7%(61/1627),χ^2=6.694,P<0.05]。8、9、10岁儿童甲肿率分别为4.3%(15/346)、5.5%(85/1534)、3.9%(54/1388),年龄间比较差异无统计学意义(χ^2=4.544,P>0.05)。儿童尿碘中位数为175.3μg/L,为碘适宜水平。8、9、10岁儿童甲状腺容积与身高、体重呈正相关(r=0.143、0.225,0.323、0.338,0.321、0.346,P均<0.01)。结论北京市儿童甲肿率较高,甲状腺容积受身高、体重影响较大,建议在研讨儿童甲肿诊断标准时考虑身高、体重的影响。Objective To analyze the prevalence of goiter among children aged 8 to 10 years old in Beijing and study the influencing factors of goiter in children.Methods In 16 districts of Beijing,each district was divided into 5 sampling districts according to east,west,south,north and middle locations in 2018.One town/street was selected from each sampling district,one primary school was selected from each town/street,and 40 non-boarding students aged 8 to 10 years old were selected from each primary school.The size of thyroid was measured by B-ultrasound method,the volume of thyroid was calculated and whether goiter or not was determined according to the"Diagnostic Criteria for Endemic Goiter".Random urine samples were collected,urinary iodine was detected by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.Height and weight were measured,body mass index(BMI)was calculated,and the correlation of thyroid volume with height and weight was analyzed.Results A total of 3268 children were surveyed,in which 154 children with goiter;the goiter rate was 4.7%.The goiter rate in girls[5.7%(93/1641)]was higher than that in boys[3.7%(61/1627),χ^2=6.694,P<0.05].The goiter rates of children aged 8,9 and 10 years old were 4.3%(15/346),5.5%(85/1534)and 3.9%(54/1388),respectively,there was no significant difference between the ages(χ^2=4.544,P>0.05).The median of urinary iodine in children was 175.3μg/L,which was in an iodine appropriate level.The thyroid volumes of children aged 8,9 and 10 years old were positively correlated with height and weight(r=0.143,0.225,0.323,0.338,0.321,0.346,P<0.01).Conclusion The goiter rate of children in Beijing is high,children's thyroid volume is greatly affected by height and weight,and it is recommended to consider the influence of height and weight when study the diagnostic criteria of children's goiter.

关 键 词：儿童 甲状腺 尿 碘 身高 体重 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]