2014-2018年山东省菏泽市乙肝疫情及新生儿乙肝疫苗接种情况监测  

Surveillance of hepatitis B epidemic situation and hepatitis B vaccination of newborns in Heze City,Shandong Province from 2014 to 2018

作　　者：王文祥 马敬仓[2] 刘景顺[2] 冯国跃 徐凌忠[3] WANG Wenxiang;MA Jingcang;LIU Jingshun;FENG Guoyue;XU Lingzhong(Cao County Health and Family Planning Comprehensive Supervision and Law Enforcement Bureau,Shandong274300,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]曹县卫生计生综合监督执法局,山东274300 [2]菏泽市疾病预防控制中心 [3]山东大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2020年第6期578-581,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会面上项目(71673169)。

摘　　要：目的了解2014-2018年菏泽市乙型病毒性肝炎(简称乙肝)疫情、新生儿乙肝疫苗(hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)接种现状,为进一步控制乙肝传播提供依据。方法利用中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病监测信息系统、山东省免疫规划信息系统,分别对菏泽市乙肝疫情数据和HepB数据进行描述性统计分析。结果 2014-2018年菏泽市乙肝报告发病率在42.83/10万~89.86/10万之间;发病率在前3位的县区分别为牡丹区、定陶县和巨野县,分别为112.83/10万、108.74/10万、89.67/10万;20~39岁病例较为集中;各月病例分布较为平稳;农民所占比例最高,达83.30%;新生儿首剂乙型肝炎疫苗(first dose of hepatitis B vaccine,HepB1)接种率在99.13%~99.77%之间,新生儿HepB1及时(timely HepB1,HepB1t)接种率在82.86%~93.53%之间。结论 2014-2018年菏泽市乙肝发病率相对稳定,与全国平均水平相当;新生儿HepB1、HepB1t接种率均达到较高水平。应继续加强宣传和培训,正确把握新生儿接种禁忌症,不断提高新生儿等重点人群的疫苗接种率。Objective To get an insight into the epidemic situation of hepatitis B virus(HBV) and the present situation of inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine(HepB) in newborns in Heze City from 2014 to 2018,so as to provide evidence for further control of HBV transmission.Methods Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out on hepatitis B epidemic data and HepB data in Heze City,respectively,by using the infectious disease surveillance information system of the disease prevention and control in China and the Shandong Province Immunization Planning Information system.Results The reported incidence of hepatitis B in Heze City from 2014 to 2018 was relatively stable,with a range from 42.83/100 000 to 89.86/100 000.The top 3 leading counties were Mudan District,Dingtao County and Juye County,with the incidence rates of 112.83/100 000,108.74/100 000 and 89.67/100 000,respectively.The proportion of cases from 20 to 39 years old was relatively concentrated.The distribution of cases in each month was relatively stable,and the proportion of farmers was the highest,reaching 83.30% from 2014 to 2018 in Heze City.The coverage inoculation rate of first dose of hepatitis B vaccine(HepB1) ranged from 99.13% to 99.77%,and the coverage inoculation rate of timely HepB1(HepB1 t) ranged from 82.86% to 93.53%.Conclusion From 2014 to 2018,the incidence rate of hepatitis B in Heze City is relatively stable,which is comparable to the national average,and the inoculation rates of HepB1 and HepB1 t in newborns reach a high level.We should continue to strengthen the propaganda and training,correctly grasp the contraindications of neonatal vaccination,and continuously improve the vaccination coverage rate of newborns and other key population.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 疫苗 新生儿 免疫 接种率 

分 类 号：R1863[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.62文献标识码:A文章编号:1003-6245(2020)06-0578-04[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]