2015-2018年西宁市手足口病流行病学特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological features of hand-foot-mouth disease in Xining City from 2015 to 2018

作　　者：吴晶[1] 李伟[1] 孙妍兰[1] 王怡[1] WU Jing;LI Wei;SUN Yanlan;WANG Yi(Xining Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qinghai 810007,China)

机构地区：[1]西宁市疾病预防控制中心,青海810007

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2020年第5期436-440,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：西宁市科技局项目(2015-K-12)。

摘　　要：目的分析2015-2018年西宁市手足口病流行特征,为及时制定或调整防治对策提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2015-2018年西宁市已审核的手足口病临床病例和实验室确诊病例个案信息进行三间分布描述,对实验室检测结果进行分析。结果2015-2018年西宁市7个县(区)累计报告手足口病病例3813例,年均报告发病率为41.53/10万。发病高峰为每年的6、7月,次高峰为每年的10、11月,呈双峰分布;发病率最高的为城东区(63.33/10万),其次为城西区(62.98/10万),呈现城区集中、城乡结合部发病率高的特点(χ^2=6.466,P<0.01);发病男性(占59.43%)多于女性(40.57%),发病年龄集中在5岁及以下(79.20%),以散居儿童、幼托儿童和学生为主(分别占60.27%、33.86%和5.27%)。病原类型主要是其它肠道病毒,占52.59%。结论根据2015-2018年西宁市手足口病三间分布流行特征,应在每年6、7月和10、11月对托幼机构和散居的5岁及以下儿童进行手足口病重点防控。Objective To analyze the epidemic features of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Xining City from 2015 to 2018,and provide scientific basis for the timely formulation or adjustment of prevention and control.Methods Descriptive analysis was conducted to the spatial,temporal and population distribution of HFMD cases and laboratory confirmed cases in Xining City from 2015 to 2018 reported by National Disease Prevention and Control Information System,as well as the laboratory test results.Results A total of 3813 HFMD cases were reported in 7 counties(districts)of Xining City from 2015 to 2018.The average annual incidence rate was 41.53/100000.The peak duration was the June to July,and the second peak duration was the October to November,which appeared by bimodal distribution.The highest incidence was in the eastern district of the city(63.33/100000),followed by the western district(62.98/100000),which showed that the incidence was mainly concentrated in urban areas,and the incidence of rural-urban continuum was highest,(χ^2=6.466,P<0.001).The incidence of male(accounting for 59.43%)was more than female(40.57%).Most cases focused on children aged 5 years or below(79.20%),of which the incidence of scattered children,childcare children and students accounted for 60.27%,33.86%and 5.27%respectively.The pathogenic types were mainly other enteroviruses,accounting for 52.59%.Conclusion According to the distribution and epidemic characteristics of HFMD cases in Xining City from 2015 to 2018,we should pay more attention to children.aged 5 years or below in June,July,October and November every year.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学 病原学 核酸检测 分析 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]