2013-2018年江苏省淮安市洪泽区中小学和托幼机构传染病疫情特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools and childcare institutions in Hongze District,Huai’an City,Jiangsu Province from 2013 to 2018

作　　者：张以祥 赵晓明 赵梅玲 万芹 杨秀杰 ZHANG Yixiang;ZHAO Xiaoming;ZHAO Meiling;WAN Qin;YANG Xiujie(Huai'an City Hongze District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangsu 223100,China)

机构地区：[1]淮安市洪泽区疾病预防控制中心,江苏223100

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2020年第5期453-456,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的了解2013-2018年淮安市洪泽区学校传染病流行趋势,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2013-2018年淮安市洪泽区中小学和托幼机构传染病疫情进行统计分析。结果2013-2018年淮安市洪泽区共报告中小学生和托幼机构儿童传染病11种1773例,年均发病率为730.69/10万,2018年为高发年份,报告发病率为2308.26/10万,高于全人群传染病年均发病率。中、小学学生和幼托儿童年平均发病率分别为157.53/10万、419.18/10万和2259.94/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=2209.76,P<0.01)。手足口病、水痘、其它感染性腹泻、流行性腮腺炎和肺结核是排名前5位病种,其中手足口病和水痘占发病总数的87.70%。发病高峰在4~6月和11~12月。结论2013-2018年淮安市洪泽区托幼机构儿童发病率高,手足口病和水痘是防控的重点传染病。根据各类传染病的流行特征,应采取针对性防控措施,以有效控制学校传染病的发生和流行。Objective To get an insight into the epidemic trend of infectious diseases in schools in Hongze District,Huai′an City from 2013 to 2018,and to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies.Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to conduct statistical analysis on the epidemic situation of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools and childcare institutions in Hongze District,Huai′an City from 2013 to 2018.Results From 2013 to 2018,a total of 1773 cases of 11 varieties of childhood infectious diseases among primary and secondary schools and childcare institutions in Hongze District,Huai′an City had been reported,with an average annual incidence rate of 730.69/100000.It was a high incidence year in 2018,and the reported incidence rate was 2308.26/100000,which was higher than the annual average incidence of infectious diseases in the whole population.The average annual incidence rates of primary and secondary school students and nursery children were 157.53/100000,419.18/100000 and 2259.94/100000 respectively,with statistically significant difference(χ^2=2209.76,P<0.01).Hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD),varicella,other infectious diarrhea,epidemic parotitis and tuberculosis were the top 5 diseases,with the first two diseases accounting for 87.70%of the total incidence.The peak incidence was from April to June and from November to December.Conclusion From 2013 to 2018,the morbidity in children at childcare institutions in Hongze District Huai′an City was high,and HFMD and varicella were the key infectious diseases for prevention and control.According to the epidemic characteristics of various infectious diseases,specific prevention and control measures should be taken to effectively control the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases in schools.

关 键 词：中小学校 托幼机构 传染病 突发公共卫生事件 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]