浙江省建德市2016-2018年农村饮水安全工程水质监测结果分析  

Analysis on drinking water quality of centralized water units in rural area of Jiande,Zhejiang Province in 2016-2018

作　　者：毛利平 王翔 赵鹏[1] 诸葛品清[1] 吴哲人 徐哲[1] MAO Liping;WANG Xiang;ZHAO Peng;ZHUGE Pinqing;WU Zheren;XU Zhe(Jiande Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhejiang 311600,China)

机构地区：[1]建德市疾病预防控制中心,浙江311600

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2020年第5期502-506,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：建德市“282”人才培养工程项目(建人社字[2014]16号)。

摘　　要：目的了解建德市农村饮水安全工程集中式供水水质卫生状况,为加强农村饮水安全工程建设和管理提供科学依据。方法每年按照分层随机抽样方法,抽取19家属于农村饮水安全工程的农村集中式供水水厂,分别在上半年枯水期和下半年丰水期开展出厂水和末梢水监测,水样的采集和检验按《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750-2006)执行,水质评价按《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)执行。结果2016-2018年建德市共监测农村水样264件,合格144件,总合格率为54.55%,各年水质合格率分别为39.77%、52.27%、71.59%,呈逐年上升趋势。出厂水与末梢水、枯水期与丰水期水质合格率差异均无统计学意义(χ^2=0.29,P>0.05;χ^2=0.06,P>0.05);大型农村水厂与小型农村水厂水质合格率分别为69.44%和44.23%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=16.36,P<0.01)。不合格指标包括微生物指标(菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群)、消毒剂指标(游离性余氯、二氧化氯)和感官性状指标(浑浊度)。结论通过农村饮水安全工程建设,建德市农村集中式供水水质合格率呈逐年上升趋势,但总体偏低,大型水厂水质合格率明显高于小型水厂。建议加强日常水质卫生监督监测,确保农村饮水卫生安全。Objective To investigate the drinking water quality of centralized water units in rural area of Jiande,and to provide scientific basis for strengthening the construction and management of drinking water quality.Methods A total of 19 rural centralized water supply plants belonging to the units in rural area were selected according to the stratified random sampling method every year.The factory water and terminal tap water were monitored in the dry and wetseason respectively.All water samples were tested and evaluated according to Chinese national standard examination methods for drinking water(GB/T 5750-2006)and standard for drinking water quality(GB 5749-2006).Results A total of 264 rural water samples were monitored in Jiande from 2016 to 2018,of which 144(54.55%)samples were qualified.The qualified rate of water quality was 39.77%,52.27%,and 71.59%,respectively,it had increased year by year.There was no significant difference in qualified rate between the factory water and terminal tap water,the dry season and wet season(χ^2=0.29,P>0.05;χ^2=0.06,P>0.05).The qualified rate of water quality of large rural water plants and small rural water plants was 69.44%and 44.23%,respectively.The difference was statistically significant(χ^2=16.36,P<0.01).The unqualified indicators included microorganisms(total number of colonies,total coliforms,heat-resistant E coli),disinfectants indicators(chlorine residual,chlorine dioxide)and sensory indicators(turbidity).Conclusion Through the construction of rural centralized water units in Jiande,the qualified rate of water quality of the units in Jiande increased year by year,but the overall qualified rate was low.The qualified rate of water quality of large rural water plants was significantly higher than that of small rural water plants.It is suggested to strengthen daily supervision and monitoring of water quality and ensure the safety of rural drinking water.

关 键 词：农村饮水安全工程 集中式供水 水质监测 结果分析 科学管理 饮水安全 

分 类 号：R123.9[医药卫生—环境卫生学]