球后穴的针刺安全性研究  

Anatomic study on safe insertion of acupuncture needle in Qiuhou(EX-HN7)acupoint

作　　者：韦昭文[1] 唐莹[1] 李斯宁[1] WEI Zhao-wen;TANG Ying;LI Si-ning(Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁中医药大学解剖组胚教研室,沈阳110032

出　　处：《针刺研究》2020年第5期416-418,共3页Acupuncture Research

摘　　要：目的:通过观察球后穴的解剖结构,探索其针刺深度和方向,研究球后穴的针刺安全性,为临床安全针刺操作提供指导。方法:随机抽取28例新鲜成人尸体头颅,其中男性14具,女性14具,采用解剖断面法和解剖层次法进行研究。球后穴位于眶下缘外1/4与内3/4交界处,先用彩色水性笔定位标记并划出切割线,再用尸体切割器沿切割线将头颅切割成水平切面,用电子数显卡尺测量腧穴的皮肤点至引起危险的血管和眼球之间的距离。在进行解剖层次分析时,着重观察眼眶内的血管和神经,观测进针层次和针体周围结构的形态特征。结果:球后穴直刺进针,针尖经过的解剖层次结构依次为皮肤、皮下组织、眼轮匝肌、眶脂体、下斜肌与眶下壁。若针尖斜向内后上方,紧贴眶下壁刺入(26.5±1.7)mm,可遇睫状后长动脉,而到达眼上静脉则要(41.4±1.3)mm,在(40.4±1.5)mm深度即可刺到眼动脉主干及视神经。若针尖斜向内下方,紧贴眶下壁刺入(13.2±1.4)mm,可伤及眶下沟内的眶下动脉。结论:为了安全,建议若球后穴直刺进针达12.0 mm时,针尖应稍斜向内后上方,同时深度不应超过26.0 mm。Objective To explore the anatomical structure of acupuncture point Qiuhou(EX-HN7)area for safe insertion of acupuncture needle.Methods A total of 28 orbital specimens of adult corpses(14 men and 14 women)were randomly selected to be observed by anatomical sectioning and layering methods.The acupoint EX-HN7,located at the junction between the 1/4 of the outer boundary and 3/4 of the inner boundary of the infraorbital margin according to the"Standardization of Acupoint Position"implemented by the People’s Republic of China,and marked first with a color pen,followed by cutting the head into horizontal sections along the cross line by using a cadaver cutter and measuring the distance between the skin and blood vessels and main nerves with a digimatic caliper.When the anatomic hierarchy was performed,the blood vessels and nerves in the orbit,the morphological characteristics of the structure around the needle body were particularly focused.Results When an acupuncture needle was vertically inserted into EX-HN7 region,the tissues through which the needle passes are skin,subcutaneous tissue,orbicularis muscle,orbital adipose body,inferior oblique muscle and inferior orbital wall,respectively.When an acupuncture needle was inserted obliquely upward and along the inferior orbital wall to a depth of(26.5±1.7)mm,the needle tip met the posterior ciliary artery;when to a depth of(41.4±1.3)mm,it reached the superior ophthalmic vein.When inserted to a depth of(40.4±1.5)mm,the needle tip may damage the ophthalmic artery and optic nerve.When the acupuncture needle was inserted inferiorly and closely along the orbital inferior wall to a depth of(13.2±1.4)mm,the infraorbital artery in the suborbital sulcus would be hurt.Conclusion It is recommended that when insert vertically into a depth of 12.0 mm in EX-HN7,the acupuncture needle tip should be slightly inclined inward and posterior-upward,and the depth should not exceed 26.0 mm.

关 键 词：球后穴 针刺进针 针刺深度 针刺方向 

分 类 号：R245.2[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]