老年贫血患者的血液细胞学检查特点与病因分析  

Characteristics and Etiology of Hemocytological examination in Elderly Patients with Anemia

作　　者：闫慧霞 Yan Huixia(Laboratory Department,People's Hospital,Henan of wen county in province,Jiaozuo,Henan,454850)

机构地区：[1]河南省温县人民医院检验科,河南焦作454850

出　　处：《口岸卫生控制》2020年第1期13-15,共3页Port Health Control

摘　　要：目的探究老年贫血患者经血液细胞学检查的特点与病因。方法回顾性收集我院血液科2016年5月-2018年4月收治的150例老年贫血患者的临床资料,均进行血液细胞学检查(血常规、骨髓检查),分析贫血的病因、血液细胞学检查结果等。结果150例老年贫血患者中,大细胞贫血28例,正细胞性贫血60例,小细胞贫血62例,且均以中重度贫血为主,轻度贫血患者较少。病因分析:缺铁性贫血27例,巨幼细胞性贫血13例,感染性贫血10例,再生障碍性贫血20例,慢性病贫血15例,淋巴瘤22例,肾性贫血13例,慢性粒细胞白血病13例,骨髓增生异常综合征9例,血小板减少5例,不明病因贫血3例。结论老年贫血以中重度贫血为主,病因以血液系统恶性肿瘤、营养不良、继发性贫血为主,及早行血常规和骨髓检查有助于早期确诊贫血,判断贫血的类型和病因,为临床治疗提供借鉴。Objective To explore the characteristics and etiology of hemocytological examination in elderly patients with anemia.Methods The clinical data of 150 elderly patients with anemia admitted to our hematology department from May 2016 to April 2018 were retrospectively collected.All patients underwent hematocytological examination(blood routine and bone marrow examination),and the causes of anemia and the results of hematocytological examination were analyzed.Results Among 150 elderly patients with anemia,28 were large cell anemia,60 were positive cell anemia and 62 were small cell anemia.Most of them were moderate to severe anemia,while few were mild anemia.Etiological analysis:27 cases of iron deficiency anemia,13 cases of megaloblastic anemia,10 cases of infectious anemia,20 cases of aplastic anemia,15 cases of anemia of chronic diseases,22 cases of lymphoma,13 cases of renal anemia,13 cases of chronic myeloid leukemia,9 cases of myelodysplastic syndrome,5 cases of thrombocytopenia,3 cases of anemia of unknown origin.Conclusion The main causes of anemia in the elderly are malignant hematological malignancies,malnutrition and secondary anemia.Early blood routine examination and bone marrow examination are helpful to early diagnosis of anemia,to determine the type and cause of anemia,and to provide reference for clinical treatment.

关 键 词：老年贫血 血液细胞学 病因 细胞形态 骨髓检查 血常规 

分 类 号：R446.113[医药卫生—诊断学]