石灰和NPK肥对镉污染土壤及菊芋生理的影响  

Effects of lime and NPK fertilizers on cadmium contaminated soil and physiological characteristics of Helianthus tuberous L.

作　　者：刘鹏[1] 李文文 沈蔡慰 王丹媚 陈瑞[1] 周蜜 任晴雯 吴巧缘 陶涛 吴玉环[2] LIU Peng;LI Wenwen;SHEN Caiwei;WANG Danmei;CHEN Rui;ZHOU Mi;REN Qinwen;WU Qiaoyuan;TAO Tao;WU Yuhuan(College of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 310036,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院,浙江金华321004 [2]杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院,浙江杭州310036

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期304-311,共8页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41571049,30540056);浙江省公益技术应用资助项目(2011C22053)。

摘　　要：为加强超富集植物菊芋对土壤镉(Cd)的富集能力,以潍坊、徐州2个不同产地菊芋为供试植物,采用土培法探究施加石灰或NPK肥后对土壤理化性质、菊芋幼苗生长特性和Cd富集能力的影响.结果表明:添加石灰后菊芋根际土壤pH达到最大,NPK肥处理下土壤养分状况显著提高,表明2种改良剂都可以有效改变土壤理化性质;2种改良剂单独施用后都有利于加强2个产地菊芋的植株根系活力,提高植株在Cd胁迫下的光合能力,抗氧化酶活也明显上升,说明改良剂还具有增强植株对重金属毒害的耐受性;分别施用石灰和NPK肥后,菊芋的根、茎、叶对Cd富集能力都有所增加,最大增幅分别达108.84%,99.20%,26.09%和69.84%,83.20%,17.19%,证实2种改良剂均有增进菊芋对Cd的富集能力.研究结果为Cd污染土壤的植物-化学联合修复提供基础数据和科学依据.In order to enhance the ability of removal of soil cadmium by Helianthus tuberosus L.,both Weifang and Xuzhou Helianthus tuberosus L.were used as experimental plants,physicochemical properties of the soil,the growth characteristics of plants and Cd enrichment ability were investigated by applying lime or NPK fertilizers in soil culture.The results showed that:the pH of rhizosphere soil of Helianthus tuberosus L.reached the maximum value under lime application,and the soil nutrient status increased significantly under NPK treatment,indicated that the application of modifiers effectively changed the physical and chemical properties of soil.The root activity of the Helianthus tuberosus L.in each place increased,the photosynthetic capacity and the antioxidant enzyme activity of the plant under Cd stress increased significantly as well,indicated that the each of modifiers also enhanced the plant′s tolerance to heavy metal poisoning.After the application of lime and NPK fertilizer alone,the bioconcentration coefficients of Helianthus tuberosus L.increased,and the maximum increase of roots,stems and leaves respectively reached 108.84%,99.20%,26.09%and 69.84%,83.20%,17.19%,indicated that both modifiers promoted the enrichment of Cd by Helianthus tuberosus L..The results could provide basic data and scientific basis for the phytochemical remediation of Cd-contaminated soil.

关 键 词：改良剂 Cd 菊芋 光合特性 抗氧化酶 根系活力 

分 类 号：S567.23[农业科学—中草药栽培]