中美学生体质健康标准测试对比与分析  

Comparison and Analysis of Measurement of Physical Health Standard of Chinese and American Students

作　　者：李朝阳 仇亚宾 张新萍 LI Zhao-yang;QIU Ya-bin;ZHANG Xin-ping(Department of Physical Education,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学体育部,广东广州510275

出　　处：《军事体育学报》2019年第3期29-33,共5页Journal of Military Physical Education and Sports

基　　金：广东省教育厅粤教高函“综合性大学体育课程多元性评价体系的构建与评价技术的运用”([2018]180);中山大学高等教育质量研究课题“大学体育课程学生学习质量评价体系研究”(G1908);中山大学青年教师培育项目课题“体育教师教育国际化比较研究”(19wkpy88)。

摘　　要：为了更好检测学生体质健康且保证评价公平科学性,旨在对中国体测方案进行优化。通过专家访谈等方法,了解且对比分析了中美体质健康标准测试内容与方法等,研究发现体适能更加重视“健康指标”,体测更多的是“运动技术指标”;体适能主要是由第三方机构来对学生监测,数据相对比较精确,体测是学校自己测试,数据误差较大;体测督促学生更好锻炼,但浪费了大量人力、财力、物力;体测男女学生不同阶段测试项目迥异之科学性值得商榷;体测仰卧起坐损伤到学生的身体健康;体测部分项目无替代项目,无法真正监测到学生体质健康发展状况。建议:尽量考虑让第三方机构对学校抽样监测;增加健康指标;男女生和不同阶段学生测试项目保持一致;部分项目有替代项目;使用优化后的仰卧起坐或者蜷腹;增加脂肪比测试;数据及时向政府及社会公布。This study aims to optimize scheme of Chinese national student measurement of physical health standard in order to detect students'physical health,to ensure fair and scientific evaluation.This paper uses the methods of expert interview,etc.,through contrast analysis of the measurement content and method of the physique healthy standard,the study founds that the fitness pay more attention to health indicators,physical measurement project has more sports technical indicators;Fitness is mainly used by the third party to monitor the students,the data is relatively accurate,physical measurement is carried out by all school’s own,the data error is large;The benefit of all Chinese students participating in the measurement is that they can urge students to exercise better,but waste a lot of manpower,material resources and financial resources.The scientific nature of different stages of testing for male and female students in China is debatable.Sit-ups hurt students'physical health;There are no substitute projects,which can't really monitor students'physical development.This paper suggests physical measurement can be adjusted:Firstly,try to use the third party monitoring students and ensure the accuracy of the data.Secondly,try to increase the health index;Measurement programs at different stages are consistent;Some projects have alternative projects;Eliminate sit-ups and use the optimized sit-ups or tummy movements;Increase the proportion of fat to know the true proportion of students.Thirdly,the data should be released timely to the government and the public,which is advantageous to the government to formulate the corresponding physical education policy as well as scientific research.

关 键 词：体测 体适能 内容 方法 优化 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]