基于一阶逻辑的需求变更影响分析方法研究  

Research on Method of within Requirements Change Impact Analysis Based on First Order Logic

作　　者：彭钊 杜天保 PENG Zhao;DU Tian-bao(College of Computer Science and Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing Jiangsu 211100)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学计算机科学与技术学院,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《数字技术与应用》2020年第4期55-61,共7页Digital Technology & Application

摘　　要：需求的变更影响分析过程无论是对于降低系统维护的代价或者是保证系统对变更需求正确的实现都有着至关重要的意义。已有的变更影响分析的研究主要存在两个方面的问题:一方面,当前的有关需求变更影响分析的研究主要侧重于需求到代码之间的变更影响分析,缺乏需求与需求之间的变更影响分析的研究。另一方面,传统的方法大多数是基于需求文档描述做研究,缺乏需求间关系的语义,在作变更影响分析时,会导致大量的变更影响误报,从而忽略了实际的变更影响。为了解决以上这些问题,本文提出了一种基于一阶逻辑的变更影响分析方法。设计一个只包含需求追踪关系信息实体的需求元模型,基于该模型设计一种变更分类方法,并基于一阶逻辑给出需求间关系以及每种变更类型的形式化语义,自动实现需求模型中变更的传播。并通过一个实验来说明本文方法的可行性。Change impact analysis is an important activity in software maintenance and evolution.Current research on change impact analysis has two main problems.On one hand,current approaches mainly focuses on change impact analysis between requirements and codes,there is a lack of research about change impact analysis within requirements.On the other hand,the traditional method is based on requirement documents.Due to the lack of semantics of requirements relations and change types,change impact analysis may produce high number of false impacted requirements.This may result in neglecting and actual impact of a change.To solve these problems,this paper proposes a approach based on first order logic(FOL).Firstly,the paper designs a requirement metamodel which only contains within requirements traceability informations,then the paper provide a classification of change types based on the metamodel.A formal semantics for the changes types and requirements relations would be provided based on FOL.The semantics is used for propagating proposed changes.Lastly,the paper use a system as the case study to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.

关 键 词：需求间变更影响分析 一阶逻辑 形式化语义 可追踪性 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]