PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫下高粱种子萌发期抗旱、敏感材料筛选、鉴定  

Screening and identification of drought-resistant and sensitive sorghum varieties under PEG-6000 simulated drought stress conditions at germination stage

作　　者：王平[1] 王春语[1] 丛玲[1] 张丽霞[1] Wang Ping;Wang Chunyu;Cong Ling;Zhang Lixia(Sorghum Research Institute,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院高粱研究所,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期30-36,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1000701,2018YFD1000700);国家自然科学基金(31500203;31501241);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-06-13.5-A3)。

摘　　要：[目的]高粱春播时容易遭受干旱胁迫,影响种子萌发、出苗,造成缺苗影响产量,因此筛选种子萌发期抗旱、敏感材料以及挖掘抗旱相关基因对高粱抗旱育种、探究抗旱分子机制具有重要意义。[方法]利用全球不同地区收集的不同类型高粱材料575份,28℃水培养萌发种子并统计出苗率,出苗率≥90%的高粱材料利用17.5%PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫筛选抗旱和干旱敏感材料。选择生育期、株高和用途相近的抗旱和敏感材料构建抗旱相关基因定位群体。[结果]575份高粱材料,3次重复试验出苗率均≥90%的高粱材料共有301份。经过17.5%PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫处理后,去除沈阳不能抽穗的材料后,筛选到抗旱材料22份、敏感材料18份,共计40份。选择抽穗期差异3 d以内、株高差异5 cm以内,共筛选到3组适宜构建抗旱相关基因定位群体的材料,包括抗旱和敏感材料共计8份。[结论]高粱种子萌发期,不同材料之间出苗率差异较大,综合考虑株高、抽穗期、用途和模拟干旱胁迫下的相对出苗率等因素,选取8R336/8R079和8R340/8R078作为最优杂交组合构建抗旱相关基因定位群体。[Objective]Sorghum is prone to suffer from drought stress during spring sowing,which affects the germination rate,and results in lower yield due to the lack of seedlings.Identification of drought-resistant and sensitive genes presenting at germination stage is critical for sorghum drought-resistant breeding and important for understanding the molecular mechanism of drought resistance.[Methods]A total of 575 sorghum materials for different purposes were collected world widely.A hundred of different seeds were kept under water culturing condition at 28℃,and germination rates were recorded.The varieties which produced more than 90%germination rate were selected for drought-resistant and sensitive trait screening by being treated with 17.5%PEG-6000.Varieties with similar growth duration,plant height,and usage were used to construct genetic mapping populations.[Results]Totally 301 over 575 sorghum materials were selected based on the germination rate which was higher than 90%.Under the condition of 17.5%PEG-6000 treatment,40 sorghum materials which were able to successfully mature in Shenyang were selected,in which 22 were drought-resistant materials and 18 were sensitive materials.Furthermore,eight materials including both resistant and sensitive materials were chosen based on the heading date difference within three days and plant height difference within 5 cm to construct drought-related genetic mapping populations.[Conclusion]A big difference of germination rate was observed among all tested materials.Therefore,by comprehensively considering the factors such as plant height,heading date,usage and relative germination rate under drought stress,8R336/8R79 and 8R340/8R78 were selected as the optimal cross combinations to construct genetic mapping populations.

关 键 词：高粱 种子萌发期 相对出苗率 PEG模拟干旱胁迫 敏感材料 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]