全国成人吸烟者戒烟意愿及影响因素研究  

Study on the willingness to quit smoking and its influencing factors in adult smokers in China

作　　者：谢莉[1] 代佳男 肖琳[1] 熙子[1] 姜垣[1] 南奕[1] 杨焱[1] XIE Li;DAI Jia-nan;XIAO Lin;XI Zi;JIANG Yuan;NAN Yi;YANG Yan(Tobacco Control Office,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心控烟办公室,北京100050 [2]重庆市健康教育所控烟办公室

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2020年第5期345-349,共5页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：中国疾控中心烟草流行监测和控烟综合干预项目(131031001000160015)。

摘　　要：目的探索影响吸烟者戒烟意愿的因素,为控烟工作提供参考。方法本研究数据来源于2015年全国成人烟草调查中15岁及以上吸烟者数据。采用分层多阶段整群抽样方法抽取全国16800户家庭中15094名15岁及以上居民,其中4276名现在吸烟者为本研究的研究对象。问卷调查一般人口学特征、吸烟状态和戒烟意愿等信息。采用SPSS 19.0进行统计分析,单因素分析采用复杂抽样加权后率的95%CI进行统计推断,多因素分析采用复杂抽样的logistic回归分析。结果我国成人现在吸烟者中考虑在未来12个月内开始戒烟的比例为17.6%。每天吸烟小于1包者有戒烟意愿的比例高于每天吸烟1包及以上者,家中不允许吸烟者有戒烟意愿的比例高于家中允许吸烟者,知晓吸烟能导致中风、心脏病和性功能障碍的吸烟者中有戒烟意愿的比例高于不知晓者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果发现,每天吸烟1包及以上(OR=1.509,95%CI:1.067~2.134)、家中允许吸烟(OR=1.682,95%CI:1.181~2.396)、不知晓吸烟导致性功能障碍(OR=1.522,95%CI:1.054~2.197)的吸烟者有戒烟意愿的可能性更小,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论建议通过全面无烟环境创建以及运用更高效的健康传播方式对吸烟者进行健康教育,在医疗机构全面推进简短戒烟干预,以提高我国吸烟者的戒烟意愿。Objective To explore the influencing factors of willingness to quit smoking in smokers,and to provide the reference for tobacco control.Methods The data were from 2015 National Adult Tobacco Using Survey in China.A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 15094 residents(≥15 years old)from 16800 households,among the residents,4276 current smokers served as the subjects.The investigation was performed with the questionnaire(including general demographic characteristics,smoking status,and willingness to quit smoking).The statistical inference of 95%CI after weighting of complex sampling was used for single factor analysis,and the logistic regression analysis of complex sampling was used for multifactor analysis.The used software was SPSS 19.0.Results The proportion of adult smokers considering to quit smoking in the next 12 months in China was 17.6%.The proportion of willing quitters among those who smoke less than 1 pack a day was higher significantly than that among those who smoke≥1 pack a day;the proportion of willing quitters among those who live in no allowed smoking family was higher significantly than that among those who live in allowed smoking family;the proportion of willing quitters among smokers who are aware that smoking can induce the stroke,heart disease and sexual dysfunction was higher significantly than that among smokers who are unaware(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that the willing quit possibility in the smokers with smoking≥1 pack a day(OR=1.509,95%CI:1.067-2.134),family allowing smoking(OR=1.682,95%CI:1.181-2.396),and unknowing the smoke resulting in sexual dysfunction(OR=1.522,95%CI:1.054-2.197)was significantly lower(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion It is suggested that health education should be provided to smokers through the establishment of a comprehensive smoke-free environment and the use of more efficient health communication methods.It is necessary to promote the comprehensive brief smoking cessation interventions in medical inst

关 键 词：成人 戒烟意愿 影响因素 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]