基于实时荧光RT⁃PCR的新型冠状病毒的不同标本 类型核酸检测  

Nucleic Acid Detection of Different Specimen Types of SARS⁃CoV⁃2 Base on Real⁃time Fluorescent RT⁃PCR

作　　者：周刚[1] 李超[1] 郑国栋 柳洪涛 周荣荣[1] 王洪涛[1] 王刚平[2] ZHOU Gang;LI Chao;ZHENG Guodong;LIU Hongtao;ZHOU Rongrong;WANG Hongtao;WANG Gangping(Department of Microbiological Laboratory,Rizhao Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Rizhao,Shangdong,China,276826;Central Laboratory&Clinical Molecular Diagnosis Center,Rizhao clinical molecular medicine research center,Rizhao key laboratory of precision medicine,Rizhao People's Hospital,Rizhao,Shangdong,China,276800)

机构地区：[1]日照市疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科,山东日照276826 [2]日照市人民医院中心实验室,临床分子诊断中心,日照市分子临床研究中心,日照市精准医学重点实验室,山东日照276800

出　　处：《分子诊断与治疗杂志》2020年第4期406-409,418,共5页Journal of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy

基　　金：日照市科技研发计划项目(2019KJYF319)。

摘　　要：目的探讨不同标本类型在新型冠状病毒(SARS⁃CoV⁃2)核酸检测中的阳性检出率,为疫情的防控提供指导与建议。方法收集2020年1月至2020年2月本院收集的2258例疑似SARS⁃CoV⁃2感染患者口咽拭子、鼻咽拭子、痰液标本及粪便标本共3284人份,采用实时荧光聚合酶链反应(RT⁃PCR)法进行PCR扩增,SPSS 19.0软件进行结果统计分析。结果3284人份样本中共检出阳性样本79人份,其中男性13例,女性7例,性别阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(P<0.05);将同时检测一种样本类型与两种样本类型阳性检出率进行统计分析,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),提示增加样本类型可以提高阳性检出率。不同样本类型核酸检测结果显示口咽拭子阳性检出率最低,鼻咽拭子、痰液标本相对口咽拭子较高,而粪便标本阳性检出率最高(本组粪便的样本量较小)。而同一疑似感染者、同一时间不同标本类型病毒核酸检测结果显示阳性检出率差异无统计学意义。结论实时荧光RT⁃PCR法针对不同样本类型阳性检出率有差异,可为实验室检测中样本的选择及更好的防控疫情提供指导。Objective To investigate the positive detection rate of Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromeCoronavirus⁃2(SARS⁃CoV⁃2)in different samples,in order to provide guidance and suggestions for the prevention and control of epidemic.Methods A total of 3284 throat swabs,nasopharyngeal swabs,sputum specimens and fecal specimens were collected from 2258 SARS⁃CoV⁃2 suspected patients who were admitted in our hospital from January 2020 to February 2020.The real⁃time polymerase chain reaction(RT⁃PCR)method was used for PCR amplification,and SPSS19.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 79 positive samples were detected among 3284 samples,A statistical analysis was performed on the positive detection rates of different sample types tested at the same time,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There are 13 male suspects and 7 females in this study.respectively,no statistically significant difference in gender positive detection rates(P>0.05).The results from different sample types showed that the positive detection rate of throat swabs was the lowest,nasopharyngeal swabs and sputum samples were higher than throat swabs.Interestingly,the positive detection rate of fecal samples was the highest(although the sample number in this group was small,compared to other types).However,there was no significant difference in the positive rate of the same suspected patient with different sample types at the same time.Conclusion The RT⁃PCR method has different positive detection rates for different sample types,which can provide guidance for the selection of samples in laboratory testing and better prevention and control of epidemics.

关 键 词：实时荧光RT⁃PCR 阳性检出率 新型冠状病毒 咽拭子 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R440[医药卫生—内科学]