刑事缺席审判制度之中国叙事——以新《刑事诉讼法》为范本  

The Chinese Narration of Criminal Default Trial System:Focusing on the New Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China

作　　者：张可[1] ZHANG Ke

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学,北京100088

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第2期33-37,126,共6页Journal of Zhengzhou University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：刑事缺席审判制度作为一种在诉讼构造上天然失衡的制度,从它诞生伊始就存在着"不平等性",但这种缺陷并不足以否定制度本身。制度确立后,应当考虑的问题已经不再是刑事缺席审判制度的应然与否,而更应该着眼于刑事缺席审判制度实然运行层面的诸多问题。刑事缺席审判的启动程序是适用刑事缺席审判的关口,承担着制度运行中的节流和控制作用。以适用类型为参照,有必要对缺席审判的适用范围和限度、知悉权的实现方式、入口审核机制作出探讨。刑事缺席审判制度运行的关键在于最大限度地保障被告人基本权利,依关联性包括诉讼代理人的选择、辩护律师的参与以及人身权、财产权的处置,由此衍生出的被告人近亲属角色冲突、刑事法律援助正当性评价以及与违法所得没收程序的衔接中的疑难问题也需要我们进行分析和回应。救济程序是弥补制度疏漏的重要环节。当前刑事缺席审判制度所确立的重新审理以及未曾提及的司法赔偿都有作出系统梳理之必要。As an originally unbalanced system in the litigation structure,the criminal default trial system has an"inequality"at the beginning of its establishment.After the system was established,its shortcoming does not lie in the should-being of criminal default trial mechanism,but in a series of problems focus on the being of criminal default trial system in practice.The starting procedure of criminal default trials is the application for the barriers in criminal default trials and plays a role in saving the cost and controlling in the system operation.It is necessary to discuss the criminal default trial system’s application rang and limitation,the realization methods of the right of being informed and the entrance review mechanism by reference to the application modes.The key to the system operation of criminal default trials lies in the maximum protection of the defendant’s basic rights including the selection of litigation agent,participation of defense lawyers and disposal of personal rights and property rights by relevance from which deriving the role conflicts of the defendant’s close relatives,the evaluation of legitimacy of criminal legal aids and the difficult problems of linkage between the confiscation procedures for illegal income is also needed to be analyzed and responded.The relief procedures function as an important step to complement the loophole of system.At present,it is necessary to make a systematic clarification on both the rehearing established by the criminal default trial system and judicial compensation missed by it.

关 键 词：刑事缺席审判 刑事诉讼法 被告人 被告人知晓权 

分 类 号：D914[政治法律—刑法学]