2011-2018年广东省某石油炼化企业职业健康检查结果分析  

Analysis on occupational health examination results of a petrochemical enterprise in Guangdong Province between 2011-2018

作　　者：肖明慧[1] 吴奇峰[1] 李聪[1] 曹丹燕[1] 赵媛 郭集军[1] 杨爱初[1] XIAO Ming-hui;WU Qi-feng;LI Cong;CAO Dan-yan;ZHAO Yuan;GUO Ji-jun;YANG Ai-chu(GuangDong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院职业健康监护所,广东广州510300 [2]中海油惠州石化有限公司,广东惠州516000

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2020年第3期215-219,共5页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家临床重点专科建设项目(2011-09);广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2017B030314152);广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(B2018211)。

摘　　要：目的分析2011-2018年连续8a的广东某石油炼化企业工人的身体健康状况,为制定同类型企业有效的健康干预措施提供理论参考依据。方法收集广东某石油炼化企业2011-2018年的劳动者职业健康检查结果、工作场所职业危害因素监测结果,并对结果进行比较和相关性分析。结果8a间参加职业健康检查人员的年龄比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。该企业未发现疑似职业病病例,但存在职业禁忌证人员,主要分布在噪声、粉尘、高温、苯及苯系物、电离辐射;其中噪声作业岗位的总职业禁忌证发生率最高(0.80%),粉尘最低(0),差异有统计学意义(P<0.005),上述职业危害因素8a间各自职业禁忌证发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.002)。血压偏高和鼻炎、咽炎、牙龈炎、中耳炎、血脂偏高、血尿酸偏高、血糖偏高、肝功能异常、脂肪肝、肾结石、心肌劳累、心肌缺血、频发性室性早搏检出率均较高。其中检出率、异常率,鼻炎2014年最高(13.74%),2016年最低(4.04%);咽炎2014年最高(25.49%),2017年最低(2.14%);牙龈炎2012年最高(5.17%),2013年最低(0.52%);血脂2013年最高(29.92%),2016年最低(17.27%),血糖2017年最高(1.69%),2018年最低(0.20%),肝功能异常2018年最高(13.30%),2014年最低(5.38%);脂肪肝2017年最高(19.77%),2016年最低(12.95%);肾结石2011年最高(6.41%),2014年最低(2.59%),以上项目自身8a间检出率、异常率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.002)。血尿酸异常率2017年最高(20.94%),2015年最低(7.33%),血尿酸4a间异常率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.008)。经Pearson相关分析,血脂偏高与脂肪肝、脂肪肝与肝功能异常、脂肪肝与血压偏高人数比较存在正相关。结论石油炼化企业危害因素多且复杂,严格遵守国家法律法规等要求,可有效避免职业病的发生,同时企业还应关注除职业损伤以外的身体健康状况。Objective To analyze the health status of employees of a petrochemical enterprise for 8 consecutive years,and provide a theoretical reference of effective health intervention measures for the same type enterprises.Methods Data on occupational health examination and monitoring occupational hazards in workplaces of a petrochemical enterprise from 2011to 2018were collected and analyzed with SPSS 19.0.Results There were statistically significant differences in the age of occupational health inspectors between 8 years(P<0.01).None suspected occupational disease occurred during these years,but some occupational contraindication cases still occurred in the workplaces exposed in noise,dust,high-temperature,benzene(benzene series)or radiation.Noise exposed posts had the highest rate of total occupational contraindication,the dust exposed posts was the lowest(P<0.005).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of occupational contraindication among the five occupational hazard factors during the period of the 8 years(P>0.002).High detection rates were ranked as hypertension,rhinitis,pharyngitis,gingivitis,tympanitis,hyperlipemia,hyperuricemia,abnormal liver function,fatty liver,kidney stone,myocardial strain,myocardial ischemia,frequent ventricular premature beats.There are statistically significant differences in the positive rate of some diseases above-mentioned(P<0.002、P<0.008),but no upward or downward trend was observed.Pearson correlation analysis showed that there were positive interrelated relationship between the numbers of hyperlipemia and fatty liver,fatty liver and abnormal liver function,fatty liver and hypertension.Conclusions The occupational hazard factors in petrochemical enterprises are various and complex.Strictly abide by Code of Occupational Disease Prevention of PRC and Technical Specifications for Occupational Health Surveillance and relevant laws and regulations can effectively avoid the occurrence of occupational diseases,meanwhile,the enterprise should still focus on phys

关 键 词：石油炼化企业 职业健康监护 职业病危害因素 

分 类 号：R851.3[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]