网络社区中的社会支持:理论模型与实证研究分析  

Social Support in Online Support Groups:Analysis of Theoretical Models and Empirical Studies

作　　者：潘文静 胡敬凡 Pan Wenjing;Hu Jingfan

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学新闻学院,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学新闻与社会发展研究中心

出　　处：《新闻春秋》2020年第2期72-82,共11页Journalism Evolution

基　　金：中国人民大学“双一流”建设阶段性成果(中国人民大学马克思主义新闻观研究中心“结合大数据与小数据分析新媒体影响下的社会资本”课题研究成果,项目号为RMXW2018B002)。

摘　　要：近年来,由于互联网技术的进步以及社交媒体的兴起,越来越多的人目前都选择网络社区作为寻求和提供社会支持的场域。文章以社会支持这一概念作为切入点,以线上群组为例,讨论线上群组的特性如何影响人们在线进行社会支持的交换。通过一系列对实证研究的回顾,总结出了研究线上支持群组的六大理论基础,即缓冲效应模型、社会比较理论、社会资本与弱关系理论、线索过滤理论、最佳匹配模型和使用与满足理论。进一步发现,线上支持群组在提供各类社会支持、疾病管理、促进心理和生理健康方面产生定积极的效果,但仍然需要更确凿和严谨的证明。鉴于线上支持群组的普及程度以及对个人健康的影响,未来研究需要持续关注线上支持群组的使用对个人和社会的影响,探究影响背后的作用机制,据此设计健康干预措施,为提高健康干预措施的质量提供研究支持。Due to the advancement of Internet technology and the popularity of social media,more and more people are now turning to the online groups and communities to seek and provide social support.This article firstly reviews the concept of social capital.Taking the online support group as an example,this article then discusses the characteristics of online support groups and how they affect people’s online social support exchange.Through reviewing empirical research findings,this article summarizes six theoretical frameworks adopted to study online support groups,such as the buffering effect model,social comparison theory,social capital and the strength of weak-ties,cues-filtered-out theories,optimal matching model,and uses-and-gratification theory.Results show that online support groups have positive effects on providing various types of social support,illness management,and promoting mental and physical health.However,more conclusive and rigorous research findings are further needed.Considering the popularity of online support groups and their impact on individuals’health,future research needs to focus on the impact of online support group participation on both the individual and societal level.Future studies should also explore the mechanisms and processes behind the effects,design health interventions,and provide research support for improving the quality of health interventions.

关 键 词：社会支持 网络社区 线上支持群组 在线论坛 健康服务 

分 类 号：G210[文化科学—新闻学]