基于时变数据映射的地震叠加成像方法  

Seismic data stacking based on time-varying mapping

作　　者：岳玉波 张建磊 张超阳 史云燕 熊彦荣 孙鹏飞 YUE Yubo;ZHANG Jianlei;ZHANG Chaoyang;SHI Yunyan;XIONG Yanrong;SUN Pengfei(R&D Center,BGP,CNPC,Zhuozhou,Hebei 072751,China;BGP Seismic Data Processing Center,Zhuozhou,Hebei 072751,China;BGP Acquisition Technology Center,Zhuozhou,Hebei 072751,China;School of Earth Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan,Hebei 056038,China)

机构地区：[1]东方地球物理公司物探技术研究中心,河北涿州072751 [2]东方地球物理公司研究院处理中心,河北涿州072751 [3]东方地球物理公司采集技术中心,河北涿州072751 [4]河北工程大学地球科学与工程学院,河北邯郸056038

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2020年第2期331-340,I0004,共11页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“新一代地球物理油气勘探软件系统”(2017ZX05018-001);国家自然科学青年基金项目“地质数据作为变量的水平变密度联合反演模型”(41604069);河北省教育厅青年基金项目(QN2017310)联合资助。

摘　　要：在海底节点(OBN)和山地地震数据的处理过程中,震源和接收点之间往往存在巨大的高程差,此时基于水平地表假设的共中心点(CMP)叠加成像方法已经不再适用。针对该问题,提出一种基于时变数据映射的共反射点(CRP)叠加成像方法。该方法首先利用叠加速度计算输出剖面中时变的CRP采样点,然后利用改进的双平方根公式计算经由该CRP采样点的双程地震波走时,完成数据的动校正处理。该方法不但可以有效地改善OBN和山地数据叠加成像效果,还可以准确地估计地下的叠加速度信息,用于后续的处理环节。模型和实际数据成像结果证明,基于时变数据映射的CRP叠加优于传统CMP叠加。Due to the existence of large source-receiver elevation differences in ocean-bottom-node(OBN)and mountain data,conventional common-midpoint(CMP)stacking based on an assumption of horizontal land surface is no longer feasible.We propose common reflection point(CRP)stacking based on time-varying data mapping as an alternative.We use stacking velocity to calculate time-varying CRP sampling points in output sections.At each CRP sampling point,two-way time is calculated using a modified double-square-root formula for NMO correction.We can use this method to improve stacking quality for OBN and mountain data,and we also can obtain accurate stacking velocity for subsequent processing.Model and field data tests show that CRP stacking based on time-varying data mapping is better than CMP stacking.

关 键 词：共反射点 时变 数据映射 地震叠加成像 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]