重症监护病房成人护理工时评估体系的构建  

Construction of the evaluation index system for working hours of adult care in intensive care unit

作　　者：张悦[1] 范宇莹[1] 石青青 王宇[1] 王晓慧 常广明[1] ZHANG Yue;FAN Yuying;SHI Qingqing;WANG Yu;WANG Xiaohui;CHANG Guangming(Harbin Medical University,Heilongjiang 150000 China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学,黑龙江150000 [2]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院

出　　处：《护理研究》2020年第11期1915-1920,共6页Chinese Nursing Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,编号:71704040。

摘　　要：[目的]建立重症监护病房(ICU)成人护理工时评估体系,评估ICU护理工作量,为ICU专科护理特点分析提供依据。[方法]选取某三级甲等医院4个ICU注册护士92名及病人200例,利用观察法和工时测量法,形成ICU成人护理项目框架并进行实时测量。采用负荷权重法和专家咨询法确定各项ICU护理项目难度系数,形成ICU成人护理工时评估体系,并完成信效度检验。[结果]ICU成人护理工时评估体系包含19个基础护理项目、9个ICU专科护理项目及6个护理业务管理项目,Cronbach'sα系数为0.63,重测信度为0.86。应用Kaiser⁃Meyer⁃Olkin(KMO)检验及Bartlett's检验测量因子分析的可行性,结果提示资料适合因子分析,最终提取出9个因子,累计贡献率为65.65%。[结论]构建的ICU成人护理工时评估体系具有较好的信效度,可全面、系统地评估ICU护理工作量,为护理管理者提供可靠的理论依据和数据支持。Objective:To construct an evaluation index system for working hours of adult care in intensive care unit,and to evaluate the ICU nursing workload,so as to provide evidence for the analysis of ICU specialized nursing characteristics.Methods:A total of 92 registered nurses and 200 patients were selected from 4 ICUs of a tertiary grade A hospital.And the ICU adult nursing project framework was formed and real-timely measured by using observation method and working hour measurement method.The load weight method and Delphi method were used to determine the difficulty coefficient of each ICU nursing project.An evaluation index system for nursing time for adult care in ICU was constructed.And its reliability and validity was furtherly tested.Results:The evaluation system for working hours of adult care in ICU consisted of 19 basic nursing programs,9 ICU specialized nursing programs,and 6 nursing business management programs.The Cronbach'sαcoefficient was 0.63,and the retest reliability was 0.86.The feasibility of the factor analysis was measured by using the Kaiser⁃Meyer⁃Olkin(KMO)test and the Bartlett's test.The results suggested that the data was suitable for factor analysis.Finally,factor analysis extracted 9 factors,whose cumulative contribution of variance accounted to 65.65%.Conclusion:The evaluation system for working hours of adult care in ICU is reliable and valid,which can comprehensively and systematically evaluate the ICU nursing workload,and provide reliable theoretical basis and data support for nursing managers.

关 键 词：重症监护病房 护理工时 成人 评估体系 护理管理 信度 效度 专科护理 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]