苏干湖湿地植被覆盖度时空变化格局  

The temporal and spatial variation pattern of vegetation coverage in Suganhu wetland

作　　者：康满萍 赵成章 白雪 杨俊仓 KANG Manping;ZHAO Chengzhang;BAI Xue;YANG Juncang(College of Geography and Environmental Science,Northwest Normal University,Research Center of Wetland Resources Protection and Industrial Development Engineering of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Geological Environment Monitoring Institute,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃省湿地资源保护与产业发展工程研究中心,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省地质环境监测院,兰州730050

出　　处：《生态学报》2020年第9期2975-2984,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41461013,41861009)。

摘　　要：植被覆盖度是反映群落外貌特征和影响植被生态系统稳定性的重要因子,其时空异质性演化规律研究有助于认识湿地群落的结构功能及其环境响应机制。采用湿地群落学调查和遥感技术相结合的方法,分析了苏干湖内陆盐沼湿地近30年植被覆盖度的时空变化及其影响因素。结果表明:像元二分模型在内陆盐沼湿地植被覆盖度研究方面具有较高的模拟精度;苏干湖湿地的植被覆盖度在1987—2017年间总体呈上升趋势,年际增幅为0.162%/5a,与气温和降水呈正相关关系;在空间上植被覆盖度与地下水位埋深呈正相关,与土壤全盐量呈负相关,但不同等级植被覆盖度与地下水位埋深、土壤全盐量间的相关性各有差异。苏干湖湿地植被覆盖度受地下水位埋深、土壤全盐量空间异质性的影响,呈现出斑块状镶嵌分布。The Suganhu wetland is located in the inland basin at the intersection of the Altun Mountains and the Qilian Mountains in the northwest of the Qaidam Basin.It is a sensitive area of global climate change,and its vegetation coverage plays an important role in the formation of the ecological environment of the Suganhu salt marsh.Study of spatial and temporal heterogeneity evolution is helpful to understand the structure function and environmental response mechanism of wetland community.By the survey of wetland flora,this study estimated vegetation coverage of Suganhu wetland from 1987 to 2017 based on Landsat data,and analyzed the variation pattern of vegetation coverage of each level at Suganhu wetland and its influencing factors.The results showed that the dimidiate pixel model had high accuracy in the study of vegetation coverage of inland salt marsh.The vegetation coverage of the Suganhu wetland showed an overall upward trend between 1987 and 2017,which was positively related to temperature and precipitation,and the correlation between precipitation and vegetation coverage was greater than that of temperature.The spatial vegetation coverage positively correlated with the depth of the groundwater depth and negatively correlated with the total salinity of the soil.But the correlation between the vegetation coverage of different grades and the depth of the groundwater and the total salinity of the soil was different.The vegetation coverage of the Suganhu wetland was affected by the depth of groundwater and the spatial heterogeneity of the soil′s total salt content,which presented patchy Mosaic distribution.

关 键 词：苏干湖 内陆盐沼湿地 遥感反演 植被覆盖度 时空分异规律 地下水位 土壤全盐量 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]